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为改善我国粮油物料机械化烘干过程中存在的热效率不高、热风温度波动大及污染环境等问题，研发了新型粮油烘干机，对新型粮油烘干机的工艺参数、结构、高效供热装置、多重环保装置、过程监测控制等方面开展的集成化设计和创新型应用工作进行了阐述。新型粮油烘干机采用负压吸入式进风形式，工艺参数上设置不同的烘干缓苏时间比，热风风量较以往设计提高20%，控制表观风速在0.20~0.25 m/s，实时监测料温以控制受热温度和时间；结构上采用全镀锌装配式结构，多段烘干和缓苏相结合工艺，变截面角状上下交错布置形式，分层进风梯度冷却方式，变频电机驱动可调节排料机构，多点进料、多点出料方式；同时采用天然气线性燃烧技术和燃烧装置供热，重力沉降和离心除尘相结合对烘干废气进行处理及多个温度传感器进行干燥过程的监测控制。实际应用表明，新型粮油烘干机具有高效、节能、低碳、清洁的特点，符合我国现代农业高质量发展的实际需求。In order to improve problems such as the low thermal efficiency, hot air temperature fluctuations and environmental pollution existed in drying process of grain and oilseed in China, a new type of grain and oilseed dryer was researched and developed.The integrated design and innovative application of the process parameters, structure, efficient heating device, multiple environmental protection device, process monitoring and control of the new grain and oilseed dryer were expounded. The new grain and oilseed dryer adopted negative pressure suction air intake form, different drying retardation time ratios were set on the process parameters, the hot air volume increased by 20% compared with the previous design, the apparent wind speed was controlled at 0.20-0.25 m/s, and the material temperature was monitored in real time to control the heating temperature and time. The structure adopted the fully galvanized assembled structure, the combination of multi-stage drying and retardation process, the variable cross-section angular upper and lower staggered arrangement form, the gradient cooling mode of layered air intake, the frequency conversion motor-driven adjustable discharging mechanism, the multi-point feeding and discharging mode, while using natural gas linear combustion technology and combustion devices for heating, gravity settling combined with centrifugal dust removal for drying exhaust gas treatment and multiple temperature sensors for drying process monitoring and control. The actual application shows that the new model has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, low carbon, clean, in line with the actual needs of China′s modern agricultural development of high quality. |
