| Autor: |
Johanna M. Schafer, Tong Xiao, Hyunwoo Kwon, Katharine Collier, Yuzhou Chang, Hany Abdel-Hafiz, Chelsea Bolyard, Dongjun Chung, Yuanquan Yang, Debasish Sundi, Qin Ma, Dan Theodorescu, Xue Li, Zihai Li |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2022 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
iScience, Vol 25, Iss 8, Pp 104717- (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2589-0042 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.isci.2022.104717 |
| Popis: |
Summary: The cancer research field is finally starting to unravel the mystery behind why males have a higher incidence and mortality rate than females for nearly all cancer types of the non-reproductive systems. Here, we explain how sex – specifically sex chromosomes and sex hormones – drives differential adaptive immunity across immune-related disease states including cancer, and why males are consequently more predisposed to tumor development. We highlight emerging data on the roles of cell-intrinsic androgen receptors in driving CD8+ T cell dysfunction or exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment and summarize ongoing clinical efforts to determine the impact of androgen blockade on cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we outline a framework for future research in cancer biology and immuno-oncology, underscoring the importance of a holistic research approach to understanding the mechanisms of sex dimorphisms in cancer, so sex will be considered as an imperative factor for guiding treatment decisions in the future. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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