The effect of the safety interventions based on behavior using the development of a safety education system and reward - punishment procedure on reducing unsafe behaviors
| Autor: | seyed mahdi mousavi, saeed yazdanirad, zohreh shabgard, rohaldin moradirad, farzad behzadinezhad |
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| Jazyk: | perština |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Salāmat-i kār-i Īrān, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 1735-5133 2228-7493 |
| Popis: | Background and aims: Given the complexity and unpredictability of human beings, the control of their behavior is difficult. However, it is possible to reduce many of these behaviors through accurate planning and well-documented training. One of the important ways to change peoplechr('39')s behavior is through the use of educational interventions. Several studies have been performed on the use of an educational intervention for improving employeechr('39')s behavior in different industries and occupations. Another way for behavior correction is the use of the rewards and punishment system. Rewards mean applying a training strategy that is used to create, correct or stabilizes behavior and encouraging action for its repetition. However, the studies have not yet examined the simultaneous effect of two strategies of the educational intervention and the encouragement and punishment system for reducing unsafe behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of educational interventions and the implementation of a reward and punishment system on reducing the unsafe behaviors among workers of the Mapna plant of Kashan. Methods: The present interventional study was carried out on 115 workers of the Mapna plant of Kashan in 2017. Inclusion criteria included having work experience higher than one year in Mapna company. Also, an exclusion criterion was the changed behavior due to the presence of researchers. The sampling method was the classified random. First, a preliminary evaluation was performed to recognize the jobs and processes in the company. In the present study, unsafe behaviors are defined as actions outside of the standard limits determined in the system. For this reason, a list of unsafe behavior was provided by observations and literature review, including a list of unsafe practices of American National Standards Institute (ANSI), type and nature of work, rules and instructions for performing work, and reports of accidents and semi-accidents in a company. Then, a checklist was designed based on this list. Also, for evaluating the unsafe behaviors of the workers, the sampling safety behaviors (SSB) technique was used for three months. In this technique, all the behavior of workers while performing the task is imperceptibly observed and information about their behavior is recorded by the designed checklist. For this purpose, all data were collected by researchers in the morning shift from 8 am to 6 pm. The number of observations per person was 80, which was randomly done during the individual work shift. In this study, the time of each observation was between 3 and 5 seconds. Then, the educational intervention and the system of the rewards and punishment were simultaneously implemented for six months. At final, a secondary assessment of the unsafe behavior was conducted for three months. The data related to the behavior assessment of the workers before and after performing the interventions were entered into SPSS software version 20 and were analyzed. Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test was used to evaluate the normality of the study variables. The results of this test showed that the data distribution was not normal (p |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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