Changes in the gut microbiota of NOD mice in response to an oral Salmonella-based vaccine against type 1 diabetes.

Autor: Jacob Cobb, Sameh S M Soliman, Mauricio Retuerto, Janine C Quijano, Chris Orr, Mahmoud Ghannoum, Fouad Kandeel, Mohamed I Husseiny
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 5, p e0285905 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285905
Popis: We developed an oral Salmonella-based vaccine that prevents and reverses diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Related to this, the gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex dynamic population of microorganisms, the gut microbiome, that influences host homeostasis and metabolism. Changes in the gut microbiome are associated with insulin dysfunction and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Oral administration of diabetic autoantigens as a vaccine can restore immune balance. However, it was not known if a Salmonella-based vaccine would impact the gut microbiome. We administered a Salmonella-based vaccine to prediabetic NOD mice. Changes in the gut microbiota and associated metabolome were assessed using next-generation sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The Salmonella-based vaccine did not cause significant changes in the gut microbiota composition immediately after vaccination although at 30 days post-vaccination changes were seen. Additionally, no changes were noted in the fecal mycobiome between vaccine- and control/vehicle-treated mice. Significant changes in metabolic pathways related to inflammation and proliferation were found after vaccine administration. The results from this study suggest that an oral Salmonella-based vaccine alters the gut microbiome and metabolome towards a more tolerant composition. These results support the use of orally administered Salmonella-based vaccines that induced tolerance after administration.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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