Mode-Locked Operation of High-Order Transverse Modes in a Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

Autor: Tao Wang, Yunjie Liu, Renjiang Zhu, Lidan Jiang, Huanyu Lu, Yanrong Song, Peng Zhang
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 9, p 2839 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1424-8220
DOI: 10.3390/s24092839
Popis: Understanding the mechanism of mode-locking in a laser with high-order transverse mode is important for achieving an ultrashort pulses train under more complicated conditions. So far, mode-locking with high-order transverse mode has not been reported in other lasers except the multimode fiber laser. This paper demonstrates robust mode-locking with high-order transverse mode in a Kerr-lens mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. While the longitudinal modes are locked, continuous mode-locking accompanied by high-order transverse mode up to TEM40 is observed. The threshold of the mode-locking is only a little bigger than that of the lasing. After the laser oscillation is built up, the mode-locked pulse train can be obtained almost immediately and maintained until the thermal rollover of the laser. Output powers of 717 mW under fundamental mode and 666 mW under high-order transverse mode are achieved with a 4.3 ps pulse duration and 1.1 GHz pulses repetition rate, and some phenomenological explanations to the related characteristics of the mode-locked operation of high-order transverse mode in the vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser are proposed.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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