| Popis: |
Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is a polymer resin byproduct of the automotive industry. Separation and recycling of PVB from automotive windshield production lines solve waste management issues. Recycled PVB may contribute to the development of new biomaterials, and the blending with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) broadens their usage range. Materials designed for biological applications must undergo pre-clinical safety evaluation, including in vitro biocompatibility and cytotoxicity testing. This study evaluated in vitro the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of thick composite films made of recycled PVB (rPVB), HDPE, and composites made of concentrations of both polymers using primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors. After culturing the PBMCs in the presence of the polymers and their blends for 24 h and seven days, no potential damage was observed, neither toxicity, nor inflammation induced in the cells. The microstructure and elemental analysis of the material revealed no potential toxicity concerns. Also, no acute release of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL1-b was observed, nor evidence of cell death, measured by the release of nucleosomes to the extracellular medium, and no damage to the cell monolayer at 24 h nor at 7 days of culture. The stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), used here as proinflammatory control, induced the significant release of both cytokines and caused damage to the cell monolayer. In conclusion, the pure recycled PVB, pure HDPE, and their composites are safe and biocompatible. |
