Anthropogenic interferences lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis in Asian elephants and may alter adaptation processes to surrounding environments

Autor: Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa, Hla Myet Chel, May June Thu, Saw Bawm, Lat Lat Htun, Mar Mar Win, Zaw Min Oo, Natsuo Ohsawa, Mirkka Lahdenperä, Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed, Kimihito Ito, Nariaki Nonaka, Ryo Nakao, Ken Katakura
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2045-2322
73668745
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80537-1
Popis: Abstract Human activities interfere with wild animals and lead to the loss of many animal populations. Therefore, efforts have been made to understand how wildlife can rebound from anthropogenic disturbances. An essential mechanism to adapt to environmental and social changes is the fluctuations in the host gut microbiome. Here we give a comprehensive description of anthropogenically induced microbiome alterations in Asian elephants (n = 30). We detected gut microbial changes due to overseas translocation, captivity and deworming. We found that microbes belonging to Planococcaceae had the highest contribution in the microbiome alterations after translocation, while Clostridiaceae, Spirochaetaceae and Bacteroidia were the most affected after captivity. However, deworming significantly changed the abundance of Flavobacteriaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Weeksellaceae and Burkholderiaceae. These findings may provide fundamental ideas to help guide the preservation tactics and probiotic replacement therapies of a dysbiosed gut microbiome in Asian elephants. More generally, these results show the severity of anthropogenic activities at the level of gut microbiome, altering the adaptation processes to new environments and the subsequent capability to maintain normal physiological processes in animals.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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