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Research on how shade trees affects growth and development of liberica coffee is still limited. Liberica coffee shade trees can take advantage from other plantation plants that are mature and have a high habitus. The research objective was to analyze the effect of shade trees on the growth and the development of immature liberica coffee. The research was conducted at the the Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi from January 2021 to March 2022. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatment was shade tree, namely: (1) without shade as a control, (2) Averrhoa bilimbi, (3) Canarium sp., (4) Cassia spectabilis, and (5) Cocos nucifera L.. Observations were made on liberica coffee plants with the parameters of plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, leaf area, stomata density, leaf chlorophyll, soil fertility, percentage of flowering plants and average number of flowers. The results showed that the growth of liberica coffee plants with tall coconut shade was better than the others. The results of this study enrich information regarding the effect of several shade trees on immature liberica coffee plant in agroforestry systems. ABSTRAK Penelitian tentang pengaruh pohon penaung terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kopi liberika belum banyak dilakukan. Pohon penaung kopi liberika dapat memanfaatkan tanaman perkebunan lainnya yang sudah dewasa dan memiliki habitus tinggi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh jenis pohon penaung terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kopi liberika belum menghasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi mulai bulan Januari 2021 sampai dengan Maret 2022. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis pohon penaung, yaitu: (1) tanpa penaung sebagai kontrol, (2) belimbing wuluh, (3) kenari, (4) ramayana, dan (5) kelapa dalam. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tanaman kopi Liberika belum menghasilkan dengan parameter tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah cabang, luas daun, kerapatan stomata, klorofil SPAD, kesuburan tanah, persentase tanaman berbunga dan rerata jumlah bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan tanaman kopi liberika dengan penaung kelapa dalam lebih baik dibandingkan penaung lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini memperkaya informasi mengenai pengaruh jenis pohon penaung terhadap tanaman kopi liberika dalam sistem agroforestry. |
