| Autor: |
Leonardo Martins, Camila Congentino Gallo, Tâmisa Seeko Bandeira Honda, Patrícia Terra Alves, Roberta Sessa Stilhano, Daniela Santoro Rosa, Timothy Jon Koh, Sang Won Han |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2020 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
1757-6512 |
| DOI: |
10.1186/s13287-020-01992-1 |
| Popis: |
Abstract Background After traumatic skeletal muscle injury, muscle healing is often incomplete and produces extensive fibrosis. The sequence of M1 and M2 macrophage accumulation and the duration of each subtype in the injured area may help to direct the relative extent of fibrogenesis and myogenesis during healing. We hypothesized that increasing the number of M1 macrophages early after traumatic muscle injury would produce more cellular and molecular substrates for myogenesis and fewer substrates for fibrosis, leading to better muscle healing. Methods To test this hypothesis, we transfected skeletal muscle with a plasmid vector to transiently express GM-CSF shortly after injury to drive the polarization of macrophages towards the M1 subset. C57BL/6 mouse tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were injured by contusion and electroporated with uP-mGM, which is a plasmid vector that transiently expresses GM-CSF. Myogenesis, angiogenesis, and fibrosis were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and RT-qPCR; subpopulations of macrophages by flow cytometry; and muscle functioning by the maximum running speed on the treadmill and the recovery of muscle mass. Results Muscle injury increased the number of local M1-like macrophages and decreased the number of M2-like macrophages on day 4, and uP-mGM treatment enhanced this variation. uP-mGM treatment decreased TGF-β1 protein expression on day 4, and the Sirius Red-positive area decreased from 35.93 ± 15.45% (no treatment) to 2.9% ± 6.5% (p |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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