Double-graviton production from Standard Model plasma
| Autor: | Ghiglieri, J., Laine, M., Schütte-Engel, J., Speranza, E. |
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| Rok vydání: | 2024 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | JCAP 04 (2024) 062 |
| Druh dokumentu: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/04/062 |
| Popis: | The thermal plasma filling the early universe generated a stochastic gravitational wave background that peaks in the microwave frequency range today. If the graviton production rate is expressed as a series in a fine-structure constant, $\alpha$, and the temperature over the Planck mass, $T^2_{ } / m_{\rm pl}^2$, then the lowest-order contributions come from single ($\sim \alpha T^2_{ }/m_{\rm pl}^2$) and double ($\sim T^4_{ }/m_{\rm pl}^4$) graviton production via $2\to 2$ scatterings. We show that in the Standard Model, single-graviton production dominates if the maximal temperature is smaller than $4\times 10^{18}_{ }$ GeV. This justifies previous calculations which relied solely on single-graviton production. We mention Beyond the Standard Model scenarios in which the single and double-graviton contributions could be of comparable magnitudes. Finally, we elaborate on what these results imply for the range of applicability of General Relativity as an effective theory. Comment: 16 pages. v2: clarifications added |
| Databáze: | arXiv |
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