Anomalous Coherence Length in Superconductors with Quantum Metric
| Autor: | Hu, Jin-Xin, Chen, Shuai A., Law, K. T. |
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| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Druh dokumentu: | Working Paper |
| Popis: | The coherence length $\xi$ is the fundamental length scale of superconductors which governs the sizes of Cooper pairs, vortices, Andreev bound states, and more. In existing microscopic theories of superconductivity, it is expected that as the strength of the attractive interaction increases, $\xi$ decreases as the electrons are bound together more strongly. In BCS theory, the coherence length is $\xi_\mathrm{BCS} = \hbar v_{F}/\Delta$, where $v_{F}$ is the Fermi velocity and $\Delta$ is the pairing gap. It is clear that increasing $\Delta$ will shorten $\xi_\mathrm{BCS}$. However, the situation is puzzling for superconductors with exactly flat bands in which $v_{F}$ goes to zero and $\xi_\mathrm{BCS}$ is expected to be zero. In this work, we show that the quantum metric, which is the real part of the quantum geometric tensor, gives rise to an anomalous contribution to the coherence length. Specifically, $\xi = \sqrt{\xi_\mathrm{BCS}^2 +\ell_{\mathrm{qm}}^{2}}$ for a superconductor where $\ell_{\mathrm{qm}}$ is the quantum metric contribution. In the flat-band limit, $\xi$ does not vanish but is bound below by $\ell_{\mathrm{qm}}$. We demonstrate that under the uniform pairing condition, $\ell_{\mathrm{qm}}$ is controlled by the quantum metric of minimal trace in the flat-band limit. Physically, the Cooper pair size of a superconductor cannot be squeezed down to a size smaller than $\ell_{\mathrm{qm}}$ which is a fundamental length scale determined by the quantum geometry of the wave functions. Lastly, we compute the quantum metric contributions for the family of superconducting moir\'{e} graphene materials, demonstrating the significant role played by quantum metric effects in these narrow-band superconductors. Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, plus Supplementary Material |
| Databáze: | arXiv |
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