Emergent s-wave interactions between identical fermions in quasi-one-dimensional geometries
| Autor: | Jackson, Kenneth G., Dale, Colin J., Maki, Jeff, Xie, Kevin G. S., Olsen, Ben A., Ahmed-Braun, Denise J. M., Zhang, Shizhong, Thywissen, Joseph H. |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review X 13, 201013 (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevX.13.021013 |
| Popis: | Orbital degrees of freedom play an essential role in metals, semiconductors, and strongly confined electronic systems. Experiments with ultracold atoms have used highly anisotropic confinement to explore low-dimensional physics, but typically eliminate orbital degrees of freedom by preparing motional ground states in strongly confined directions. Here we prepare multi-band systems of spin-polarized fermionic potassium ($^{40}$K) in the quasi-one-dimensional (q1D) regime and quantify the strength of atom-atom correlations using radio-frequency spectroscopy. The activation of orbital degrees of freedom leads to a new phenomenon: a low-energy scattering channel that has even particle-exchange parity along the q1D axis, as if the underlying interactions were s-wave. This emergent exchange symmetry is enabled by orbital singlet wave functions in the strongly confined directions, which also confer high-momentum components to low-energy q1D collisions. We measure both the q1D odd-wave and even-wave "contact" parameters for the first time, and compare them to theoretical predictions of one-dimensional many-body models. The strength and spatial symmetry of interactions are tuned by a p-wave Feshbach resonance and by transverse confinement strength. Near resonance, the even-wave contact approaches its theoretical unitary value, whereas the maximum observed odd-wave contact remains several orders of magnitude below its unitary limit. Low-energy scattering channels of multi-orbital systems, such as those found here, may provide new routes for the exploration of universal many-body phenomena. Comment: v2: revised manuscript |
| Databáze: | arXiv |
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