Sustainable Weed Management in Maize (Zea mays L.) Production: A Review in Perspective of Southern Asia
| Autor: | SHRESTHA, Jiban, TİMSİNA, Krishna Prasad, SUBEDİ, Subash, POKHREL, Dipesh, CHAUDHARY, Amit |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Volume: 22, Issue: 1 133-143 Turkish Journal of Weed Science |
| ISSN: | 1303-6491 2458-7966 |
| Popis: | Weed species and maize cropstrongly compete for nutrients, water, space and light for their growth anddevelopment. There is a strong correlation between weed population and maizeyield. Weedscrop association, criticalperiod of crop-weed competition, methods of weeds control, herbicide tolerantmaize cultivars and losses due to weeds and economics of weed control in maizeare discussed in this review. The output of different research works clearlyindicated that weed infestation led 20-80% reduction in maize yield. Thecritical period of crop weed competition varies from 2 to 7 weeks after cropsowing, with the most critical competition between 4-7 weeks after sowing. Weedcontrol measures should be taken during this period to minimize the yield lossof maize and increase the water and nutrient use efficiency. Herbicides arepopular and widely used measures to control weeds in maize production systems,but several studies have shown their negative environmental consequences.Single approach-based weed management system becomes inefficient against maizeweeds. The integrated weed management (IWM) system is recommended to reduce theuse of herbicides for its sustainable production. Weeds and maize have equivalentcompetition for nutrients, water, space and light sources for their growth anddevelopment. There is a strong correlation between lower weed population andhigher maize yield. Weed species in maize, criticalperiod of crop-weed competition, methods of weeds control, herbicidetolerant maize cultivars and losses due to weeds and economics of weed control inmaize are discussed in this article. The output of different research worksclearly indicated that weed infestation led to 20-80% reduction in maize yield.The variation in the critical period of crop weed competition varies from twoto six weeks after maize sown, but the most critical period is between 30-50days after sowing. Weed control measures should be taken during this period tominimize the yield loss of maize and to increase the water and nutrient useefficiency. Chemical herbicides are popular and widely used to control weed inmaize production systems, but several studies have shown their negativeenvironmental consequences. Single approach-based weed management systembecomes inefficient against maize weeds. The integrated weed management (IWM)system is recommended to apply which reduce the use of herbicides and focus onthe sustainable crop production system. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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