СТАТИСТИКА, ОБСТАВИНИ ТА ПРИЧИНИ НЕВИПРАВДАНИХ ВТРАТ У ЧЕРВОНІЙ АРМІЇ ПІД ЧАС ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
| Jazyk: | ukrajinština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Military Scientific Journal; No. 37 (2022): Military Scientific Journal; 174-193 Військово-науковий вісник; № 37 (2022): Військово-науковий вісник; 174-193 |
| ISSN: | 2313-5603 |
| DOI: | 10.33577/2313-5603.37.2022 |
| Popis: | In favor of political leadership and political tendencies in Russia for more than twenty years, large-scale propaganda changed views on certain events of World War II in the USSR, accompanied by outright distortion of historical facts, manipulation of losses in Russia. To do this, in 2009 Russian President Dmitry Medvedev set up a state commission to counter the "falsification" of history in favor of Russian interests, where the main concern is the general history of the German-Soviet war, ie the Great Patriotic War. This applies to virtually all areas of war research conducted by modern Russian "experts", from the assertion of the prominent and decisive role of the "great Russian people" and the insignificant role of other peoples of the USSR, including Western Europe and the United States. The author tries to comprehensively and impartially investigate, systematize and generalize with the help of various, often contradictory sources, statistics of Red Army losses, analyze the general nature of physical defects of soldiers received during the war, determine the circumstances and root causes. To do this, it is advisable to turn to dry statistics of facts, which are confirmed by archival, recently declassified documents that do not coincide with the statistics that since Soviet times are still officially supported by the Russian leadership and considered by him as an axiom. Having considered and researched the available sources of information, it is expedient to identify a number of main reasons that significantly affected the quantitative losses of Red Army personnel during the German-Soviet war: - political miscalculations and military-strategic mistakes of the Soviet leadership, which delayed the preemptive strike, missing instead of the German; - repression of the 1930s and 1940s, events that led to the replacement of experienced commanders by officers and generals with insufficient or no practical and combat experience; - panic and disorganization in the actions of the Red Army and the top leadership of the country, the fear of the highest command before Stalin to take responsibility; - uniform distribution of the mass of Soviet troops at the front, which did not give an advantage over the concentrated strikes of the Germans; - the inability of Soviet experts to draw conclusions from the experience of wars and military conflicts (the tactics of "blitzkrieg" with a tank component, the Germans have already used in the war against Poland); - inability at the initial stage of the war by commanders and soldiers of the Red Army to conduct defensive battles; - Insufficient time and quality of professional and technical training and practical skills of officers in accelerated courses; - indifference of commanders of different levels (especially the highest rank) to save the lives of subordinates, so the low quality of action planning (combat operations) and management and unity of tactics of offensive combat; - focusing an unjustified number of Soviet troops not on the directions of the main strike, but on the entire front to more reliably ensure offensive operations; - weak technical equipment of armaments and military equipment with modern means of communication for effective counteraction to the enemy, until the beginning of 1944. У роботі на основі аналізу широкого кола документальних, історичних та інших джерел розглядаються статистичні кількісні показники бойових і небойових втрат під час Другої світової війни на території СРСР серед особового складу Червоної Армії по категоріях офіцерського і рядового складу та мирного населення на окупованих німцями територіях СРСР. Наведені співвідношення втрат особового складу вбитими та пораненими з боку СРСР та Німеччини. Дана характеристика поранень бійців Червоної армії за фізичними вадами. Визначені обставини та головні причини невиправданих втрат особового складу Червоної Армії. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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