Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes: the importance of chromosomal and nuclear context in VSG expression control
| Autor: | Glover, Lucy, Hutchinson, Sebastian, Alsford, Sam, McCulloch, Richard, Field, Mark, Horn, David |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of Dundee, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of Glasgow, We gratefully acknowledge funding from The Wellcome Trust (100320/Z/12/Z, Senior Investigator Award to D.H., 089172/Z/09/Z, project grant to D.H. and R.Mc.C., 090007/Z/09/Z Programme grant to M.C.F.) and The Medical Research Council (MR/K008749/1 to M.C.F.). |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
DNA Repair
Transcription Genetic MESH: RNA Polymerase I Trypanosoma brucei gambiense [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] MESH: DNA Breaks Double-Stranded MESH: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense MESH: Chromatin RNA Polymerase I parasitic diseases Humans DNA Breaks Double-Stranded Recombination Genetic MESH: DNA Repair MESH: Humans MESH: Transcription Genetic Telomere Microreview Antigenic Variation Chromatin Trypanosomiasis African MESH: Trypanosomiasis African MESH: Antigenic Variation MESH: Variant Surface Glycoproteins Trypanosoma MESH: Recombination Genetic MESH: Telomere Variant Surface Glycoproteins Trypanosoma |
| Zdroj: | Cellular Microbiology Cellular Microbiology, Wiley, 2013, 15 (12), pp.1984-1993. ⟨10.1111/cmi.12215⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1462-5814 1462-5822 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/cmi.12215⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; African trypanosomes are lethal human and animal parasites that use antigenic variation for evasion of host adaptive immunity. To facilitate antigenic variation, trypanosomes dedicate approximately one third of their nuclear genome, including many minichromosomes, and possibly all sub-telomeres, to variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes and associated sequences. Antigenic variation requires transcription of a single VSG by RNA polymerase I (Pol-I), with silencing of other VSGs, and periodic switching of the expressed gene, typically via DNA recombination with duplicative translocation of a new VSG to the active site. Thus, telomeric location, epigenetic controls and monoallelic transcription by Pol-I at an extranucleolar site are prominent features of VSGs and their expression, with telomeres, chromatin structure and nuclear organization all making vitally important contributions to monoallelic VSG expression control and switching. We discuss VSG transcription, recombination and replication control within this chromosomal and sub-nuclear context. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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