The Diversity of Meningococcal Carriage Across the African Meningitis Belt and the Impact of Vaccination With a Group A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine
| Autor: | Consortium, MenAfriCar, Collard, Jean-Marc |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (Niamey, Niger) (CERMES), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (to the MenAfriCar Consortium), the Wellcome Trust (to the MenAfriCar Consortium), and the National Institutes of Health (grant DP5OD009162 to N. B.)., Institutions and individual members of the MenAfriCar consortium who contributed to this study are as follows: Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Oumer Ali, Abraham Aseffa (principal investigator [PI]), Ahmed Bedru, Tsehaynesh Lema, Tesfaye Moti, Yenenesh Tekletsion, Alemayehu Worku, Haimanot Guebre Xabher (deceased), and Lawrence Yamuah, Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire, Niamey, Niger (member of the International Network of Pasteur Institutes): Rahamatou Moustapha Boukary, Jean-Marc Collard (PI), Ibrahim Dan Dano, Ibrahim Habiboulaye, Bassira Issaka, Jean-François Jusot, Sani Ousmane, and Issoufa Rabe, Centre de Support en Santé International, N'Djamena, Chad: Doumagoum Moto Daugla (PI), Jean Pierre Gami, Kadidja Gamougam, Lodoum Mbainadji, Nathan Naibei, Maxime Narbé, and Jacques Toralta, Centre pour les Vaccins en Développement, Bamako, Mali: Abdoulaye Berthe, Kanny Diallo, Mahamadou Keita, Uma Onwuchekwa, Samba O. Sow (PI), Boubou Tamboura, Awa Traore, and Alou Toure, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia: Tom Clark and Leonard Mayer, Department of Community Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria: Mary Amodu, Omeiza Beida, Galadima Gadzama, Babatunji Omotara (PI), Zailani Sambo, and Shuaibu Yahya, Faculty of Infectious Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom: Daniel Chandramohan, Brian M. Greenwood (PI), Musa Hassan-King, Olivier Manigart, Maria Nascimento, James M. Stuart, and Arouna Woukeu, Princeton University, New Jersey: Nicole E. Basta, Public Health England Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Manchester, United Kingdom: Xilian Bai, Ray Borrow, and Helen Findlow, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal: Serge Alavo, Hubert Bassene, Aldiouma Diallo (PI), Marietou Dieng, Souleymane Doucouré, Jules François Gomis, Assane Ndiaye, Cheikh Sokhna, and Jean François Trape, Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana: Bugri Akalifa, Abudulai Forgor, Abraham Hodgson (PI), Isaac Osei, Stephen L Quaye, John Williams, and Peter Wontuo, University of Bristol, United Kingdom: Thomas Irving, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom: Caroline L. Trotter (formerly of the University of Bristol), and University of Oxford, United Kingdom: Julia Bennett, Dorothea Hill, Odile Harrison, Martin C. Maiden, Lisa Rebbetts, and Eleanor Watkins. |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Genotype MESH: Geography Meningococcal Vaccines Meningitis Meningococcal Neisseria meningitidis Mass Vaccination MESH: Neisseria meningitidis MESH: Meningococcal Vaccines MESH: Genotype Major Articles and Brief Reports Young Adult MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases MESH: Child Prevalence Humans MESH: Africa South of the Sahara MESH: Genetic Variation Child Africa South of the Sahara MESH: Prevalence carriage MESH: Adolescent MESH: Humans Bacteria Geography MESH: Child Preschool MESH: Meningitis Meningococcal Genetic Variation Infant meningitis MESH: Adult MESH: Infant [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology MESH: Male Cross-Sectional Studies MESH: Young Adult Child Preschool meningococcus Carrier State Africa Female [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie MESH: Mass Vaccination MESH: Carrier State MESH: Female |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infectious Diseases Journal of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2015, 212 (8), pp.1298-1307. ⟨10.1093/infdis/jiv211⟩ The Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 0022-1899 1537-6613 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/jiv211⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; Background. Study of meningococcal carriage is essential to understanding the epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis infection.Methods. Twenty cross-sectional carriage surveys were conducted in 7 countries in the African meningitis belt; 5 surveys were conducted after introduction of a new serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac). Pharyngeal swab specimens were collected, and Neisseria species were identified by microbiological and molecular techniques.Results. A total of 1687 of 48 490 participants (3.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2%–3.6%) carried meningococci. Carriage was more frequent in individuals aged 5–14 years, relative to those aged 15–29 years (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25–1.60); in males, relative to females (adjusted OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10–1.24); in individuals in rural areas, relative to those in urban areas (adjusted OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28–1.63); and in the dry season, relative to the rainy season (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.37–1.75). Forty-eight percent of isolates had genes encoding disease-associated polysaccharide capsules; genogroup W predominated, and genogroup A was rare. Strain diversity was lower in countries in the center of the meningitis belt than in Senegal or Ethiopia. The prevalence of genogroup A fell from 0.7% to 0.02% in Chad following mass vaccination with MenAfriVac.Conclusions. The prevalence of meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt is lower than in industrialized countries and is very diverse and dynamic, even in the absence of vaccination. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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