Schistosomiasis is associated with incident HIV transmission and death in Zambia

Autor: Wall, Kristin M., Kilembe, William, Vwalika, Bellington, Dinh, Cecile, Livingston, Paul, Lee, Yeuk-Mui, Lakhi, Shabir, Boeras, Debi, Naw, Htee Khu, Brill, Ilene, Chomba, Elwyn, Sharkey, Tyronza, Parker, Rachel, Shutes, Erin, Tichacek, Amanda, Secor, W. Evan, Allen, Susan
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
RNA viruses
Male
Schistosoma Mansoni
Physiology
RC955-962
HIV Infections
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Cohort Studies
Schistosomiasis haematobia
Immunodeficiency Viruses
Immune Physiology
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Schistosomiasis
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Immune System Proteins
Incidence
Eukaryota
virus diseases
Viral Load
Medical Microbiology
Helminth Infections
Viral Pathogens
Viruses
Schistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma
Female
Pathogens
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Adult
Immunology
Zambia
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antibodies
Young Adult
Helminths
Virology
Retroviruses
Parasitic Diseases
Animals
Humans
Immunoassays
Microbial Pathogens
Retrospective Studies
Lentivirus
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
HIV
Proteins
Tropical Diseases
Invertebrates
Schistosomiasis mansoni
Case-Control Studies
Immunologic Techniques
Viral Transmission and Infection
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 12, p e0006902 (2018)
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Background We examined relationships between schistosome infection, HIV transmission or acquisition, and all-cause death. Methods We retrospectively tested baseline sera from a heterosexual HIV-discordant couple cohort in Lusaka, Zambia with follow-up from 1994–2012 in a nested case-control design. Schistosome-specific antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Associations between baseline antibody response to schistosome antigens and incident HIV transmission, acquisition, and all-cause death stratified by gender and HIV status were assessed. In a subset of HIV- women and HIV+ men, we performed immunoblots to evaluate associations between Schistosoma haematobium or Schistosoma mansoni infection history and HIV incidence. Results Of 2,145 individuals, 59% had positive baseline schistosome-specific antibody responses. In HIV+ women and men, baseline schistosome-specific antibodies were associated with HIV transmission to partners (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.8, p
Author summary This study explored the association between schistosome infections (a disease caused by parasitic flatworms, also known as ‘snail fever’, which is very common throughout sub-Saharan Africa) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We found in Lusaka, the capital of Zambia, that schistosome infections were associated with transmission of HIV from adult men and women, and schistosome infections were also associated with increased HIV acquisition in adult women. We additionally found that schistosome infections were associated with death in HIV+ adult women. Since treatment of schistosome infections with praziquantel is inexpensive, effective, and safe, schistosomiasis prevention and treatment strategies may be a cost-effective way to reduce not only the symptoms associated with the infection, but also new cases of HIV and death among HIV+ persons. Though often viewed as an infection of predominantly rural areas and children, this study highlights that schistosomiasis prevention and treatment efforts are also needed in urban areas and among adults.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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