Tuberculosis mortality and the male survival deficit in rural South Africa: an observational community cohort study
| Autor: | Reniers, Georges, Blom, Sylvia, Lieber, Judith, Herbst, Abraham J, Calvert, Clara, Bor, Jacob, Barnighausen, Till, Zaba, Basia, Li, Zehang R, Clark, Samuel J, Grant, Alison D, Lessells, Richard, Eaton, Jeffrey W, Hosegood, Victoria |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Rural Population RNA viruses Bacterial Diseases Epidemiology lcsh:Medicine HIV Infections Rural Health Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cohort Studies South Africa Immunodeficiency Viruses Risk Factors Medicine and Health Sciences Public and Occupational Health lcsh:Science Middle Aged Infectious Diseases Medical Microbiology HIV epidemiology Viral Pathogens Viruses Female Pathogens Research Article Adult Death Rates General Science & Technology Microbiology Adult Cohort Studies Female HIV Infections/complications/*epidemiology/mortality Humans Life Expectancy/*trends Male Middle Aged Risk Factors Rural Health Rural Population/*statistics & numerical data Sex Factors South Africa/epidemiology Survival Analysis Tuberculosis Pulmonary/complications/*epidemiology/mortality Wounds and Injuries/complications/*epidemiology/mortality Life Expectancy Sex Factors Population Metrics Retroviruses MD Multidisciplinary Humans Adults Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Pulmonary Microbial Pathogens Population Biology Lentivirus lcsh:R Organisms Biology and Life Sciences HIV Tropical Diseases Survival Analysis Age Groups People and Places Wounds and Injuries Population Groupings lcsh:Q |
| Zdroj: | Reniers, G, Blom, S, Lieber, J, Herbst, A J, Calvert, C, Bor, J, Barnighausen, T, Zaba, B, Li, Z R, Clark, S J, Grant, A D, Lessells, R, Eaton, J W & Hosegood, V 2017, ' Tuberculosis mortality and the male survival deficit in rural South Africa : An observational community cohort study ', PLoS ONE, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. e0185692 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185692 PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 10, p e0185692 (2017) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0185692 |
| Popis: | Background: Women live on average five years longer than men, and the sex difference in longevity is typically lower in populations with high mortality. South Africa – a high mortality population with a large sex disparity – is an exception, but the causes of death that contribute to this difference are not well understood. Methods: Using data from a demographic surveillance system in rural KwaZulu-Natal (2000-2014), we estimate differences between male and female adult life expectancy by HIV status. The contribution of causes of death to these life expectancy differences are computed with demographic decomposition techniques. Cause of death information comes from verbal autopsy interviews that are interpreted with the InSilicoVA tool.Results: Adult women lived an average of 10.4 years (95% confidence Interval 9.0-11.6) longer than men. Sex differences in adult life expectancy were even larger when disaggregated by HIV status: 13.1 (95% confidence interval 10.7-15.3) and 11.2 (95% confidence interval 7.5-14.8) years among known HIV negatives and positives, respectively. Elevated male mortality from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and external injuries were responsible for 43% and 31% of the sex difference in life expectancy among the HIV negative population, and 81% and 16% of the difference among people living with HIV.Conclusions: The sex differences in adult life expectancy in rural KwaZulu-Natal are exceptionally large, atypical for an African population, and largely driven by high male mortality from pulmonary TB and injuries. This is the case for both HIV positive and HIV negative men and women, signalling a need to improve the engagement of men with health services, irrespective of their HIV status. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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