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Daniel Seifu,1,2 Lars E Gustafsson,3 Rajinder Chawla,1 Solomon Genet,1 Asfaw Debella,4 Mikael Holst,5 Per M Hellström2 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Department of Traditional Drug Development, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 5Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Abstract: Diabetes type 2 is associated with impaired insulin production and increased insulin resistance. Treatment with antidiabetic drugs and insulin strives for normalizing glucose homeostasis. In Ethiopian traditional medicine, plant extracts of Melia azedarach are used to control diabetes mellitus and various gastrointestinal disorders. The objective of this study was to clarify the antidiabetic effects of M. azedarach leaf extracts in diabetic type 2 experimental animals. In this study, mice were injected with Melia extract intraperitoneally. Plasma glucose was studied by using tail vein sampling in acute experiments over 4 h and chronic experiments over 21 days with concurrent insulin and body weight assessments. Glucose tolerance was studied by using intraperitoneal glucose (2 mg/g) tolerance test over 120 min. Gastric emptying of a metabolically inert meal was studied by the gastric retention of a radioactive marker over 20 min. Melia extracts displayed acute, dose-dependent antidiabetic effects in ob/ob mice similar to glibenclamide (p |
