| Popis: |
The purpose of this study was to peer review the implementation of protective measures to limit public exposure surveillance zone NPP in case of emergency considering laws and regulations.Survey method using expert assessments were used. Experts were formed in four groups who are respon sible for radiation protection of various groups surveillance zone of RNPP. Requirements to selections experts were professional experience not less than 10 years, the profile and post. For primary empirical data was used simple ordering of values of an even or consistent comparison.According to experts, measures warning, provision of stable iodine preparations, provision of collective (protective constructions, hiding place) and personal protective equipment (clothing, gauze bandages, respirators, mask), material and technical equipment at the Rivne NPP could be significantly different in rural and urban sur veillance zone in the case of emergency. Group risk in case of an emergency, can become students of rural schools surveillance zone due to imperfect warning system and lack of shelter facilities. There is no consensus among experts on radiation protection assessments of various groups surveillance zone, including provision of means of individual and collective protection, preparedness protective actions in case of emergency.State radiation protection surveillance zone Rivne NPP, including a system of organizational, techni cal, biomedical, financial and economic measures to prevent and respond to the National Assembly, does not meet the laws of Ukraine "On Nuclear Energy Use and Radiation Safety" and "On protection of population and territories from emergency situations of technogenic and natural character ", requiring State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate (SNRI) of Ukraine on this question.Metoiu danogo doslidzhennia stala ekspertna otsinka realizatsiI zakhysnykh zakhodiv, spriamovanykh na obmezhennia op rominennia naselennia zony sposterezhennia atomnoI elektrostantsiI, na vypadok nadzvychaynoI sytuatsiI, z urakhu vanniam zakonodavchykh ta normatyvnykh dokumentiv.Metody. V protsesi doslidzhennia bulo zastosovano opytuvannia z vykorystanniam metodu ekspertnykh otsinok. Sformovano chotyry grupy fakhivtsiv, iaki nesut' vidpovidal'nist' za stan radiatsiynogo zakhystu riznykh grup nase lennia zony sposterezhennia Rivnens'koI atomnoI elektrostantsiI. Vymogamy vidboru buly: dosvid roboty za fa khom ne mensh nizh 10 rokiv, vidpovidnyy profil' ta posada. Dlia otrymannia pervynnykh empirychnykh danykh bulo zastosovano proste uporiadkuvannia znachen', Ikh parne chy poslidovne porivniannia.Rezul'taty. Za otsinkamy ekspertiv, zakhody opovishchennia, zabezpechenist' preparatamy stabil'nogo yodu, zabezpe chennia zasobiv kolektyvnogo (zakhysni sporudy, ukryttia) i indyvidual'nogo zakhystu (odiag, marlevi pov’iazky, respiratory, protyvogazy), material'no tekhnichnogo osnashchennia na vypadok nadzvychaynoI sytuatsiI na Rivnens'kiy atomniy elektrostantsiI suttievo vidrizniaiut'sia u sil's'kogo ta mis'kogo naselennia zony spostere zhennia. Grupoiu ryzyku, na vypadok nadzvychaynoI sytuatsiI, mozhut' staty uchni zagal'noosvitnikh shkil sil's'kykh te rytoriy zony sposterezhennia cherez nedoskonalist' systemy opovishchennia i vidsutnist' neobkhidnykh ob’iektiv ukryt tia. Ne isnuie odnostaynosti sered ekspertiv shchodo otsinok radiatsiynogo zakhystu riznykh grup naselennia zony spos terezhennia, zokrema zabezpechenosti zasobamy indyvidual'nogo i kolektyvnogo zakhystu, gotovnosti do zakhysnykh diy na vypadok nadzvychaynoI sytuatsiI.Vysnovky. Stan radiatsiynogo zakhystu naselennia zony sposterezhennia RAES, zokrema systema organizatsiynykh, tekhnichnykh, medyko biologichnykh, finansovo ekonomichnykh zakhodiv, shchodo zapobigannia ta reaguvannia na nadzvy chayni sytuatsiI, ne vidpovidaie vymogam zakoniv UkraIny „Pro vykorystannia iadernoI energiI ta radiatsiynu bezpe ku ” ta „Pro zakhyst naselennia i terytoriy vid nadzvychaynykh sytuatsiy tekhnogennogo ta pryrodnogo kharakteru ”, shcho vymagaie zoseredzhennia uvagy DIIaRU na ts'omu pytanni. |
