Altered production and proteolytic processing of brevican by transforming growth factor beta in cultured astrocytes
| Autor: | Michelle G, Hamel, Joanne, Mayer, Paul E, Gottschall |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Cell Communication Rats Sprague-Dawley Transforming Growth Factor beta Neurites Animals Protein Isoforms Lectins C-Type Cells Cultured Neuronal Plasticity Brain Cell Differentiation Coculture Techniques Peptide Fragments Extracellular Matrix Rats Up-Regulation ADAM Proteins Animals Newborn Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Astrocytes ADAMTS4 Protein Microglia Carrier Proteins Procollagen N-Endopeptidase Brevican Peptide Hydrolases |
| Zdroj: | Journal of neurochemistry. 93(6) |
| ISSN: | 0022-3042 |
| Popis: | Brevican, a proteoglycan of the lectican family, inhibits neurite outgrowth and may also stabilize synapses. Little is known about its expression or function in vitro. This study seeks to determine whether a brevican-containing matrix is present in neural cultures, and if so, how the production of brevican may be modulated. To accomplish this, the content of brevican and its proteolytic fragments were measured in primary cultures of neurons, astrocytes and microglia after treatment with cytokines. These experiments revealed that astrocytes and neurons express several isoforms of brevican, whereas microglia do not produce this proteoglycan. Cleavage fragments of brevican were found primarily in neuronal and astrocyte culture medium. ADAMTS4 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs), a protease that selectively cleaves lecticans, was detected in cultures of neurons, astrocytes and microglia. When astrocytes were challenged with various cytokines, it was found that treatment with transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) resulted in a marked increase in intact brevican in the culture medium that was accompanied by a trend for a decrease in ADAMTS-generated fragments of brevican and apparent ADAMTS activity. Thus, TGFbeta may play a role in neuronal plasticity through its regulation of brevican and the activity of the ADAMTSs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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