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The focus in this paper is on the prevalence, risk factors and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), before and after introduction of sonographic examination in 1993.1,469 (8.2%) infants were followed up because of clinical findings or risk factors (542 with X-ray and 927 with sonographic examination).The overall prevalence of DDH was 1.14%; 0.92% in neonates and 0.22% as late DDH. The prevalence of late DDH ranged from 0.07% to 0.52% (p0.01) with peaks in spring and autumn. The following changes occurred when sonography was introduced: Newborn DDH decreased from 1.06 to 0.77% (p0.05), late DDH decreased from 0.26 to 0.19% (not significant), and treatment duration decreased from 6.2 months (SD 1.4) to 4.2 months (SD 1.3)(p0.01). 56 of 198 infants with clinical findings (28%) were confirmed to have sonographic DDH (p0.01). Previous risk factors were confirmed. Mothers of infants with late DDH had higher pre-pregnancy weight, 63 kg (SD 11) vs 58.5 kg (SD 7.8), p0.02) and lower weight gain in the last trimester, (4.2 kg (SD 2.2) vs 6.6 kg (SD 2.7; p0.001), compared to a reference population.Sonography has reduced treatment rate and duration of DDH. |
