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Understanding the factors affecting RD trends in the energy sector has a key role in overcoming environmental concerns such as combating climate change, as well as other economic and political problems related to energy. Based on such concerns, this study aims to analyze fundamental factors that determine the energy RD trends of 29 International Energy Agency (IEA) countries. The data set, consisting of annual indicators for the period 1990-2015, is analyzed with the Driscoll-Kraay panel data estimator. Empirical findings for overall sample show that efficiency, import dependency, and the share of renewable energy use are positively related with RD expenditure in energy sector. CO |