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Ecosystem services (ESs) are the research highlight and hot topic in ecology, geography and environmental economics. Based on the literature database on ecosystem services from Web of Science, Citespace, Carrot 2 and textual analysis were used to review the progresses of ESs research during 1997-2018. The results showed that ESs research institutions and its publications increased quickly in the latest 20 years. The main leading countries on ecosystem services research were the United States, UK, Germany, China and Australia, with the United States being the first in terms of literature volume and the influence. Although the research of ESs in China started relatively late, its development was rapid and the scientific research output increased significantly. Meanwhile, there was a huge gap to the international level, the quality and influence of literature should be improved, and the international cooperation and exchange need to be enhanced too. The hotspots and frontiers of ecosystem services mainly included evaluation methods and models, climate change, biodiversity, land use change, trade-off and synergy, scientific research for decision-making and management. The further research and practice trends include the mechanism of ESs, the indicators and methods for ESs evaluation, the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESs trade-offs and synergies and influencing factors, the coupling relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being, and the scientific research and social needs for sustainable development for decision-making and management.生态系统服务研究已成为生态学、地理学、环境经济学等学科的热点议题.基于Citespace与Carrot 2文献分析工具,以Web of Science为数据源,本文分析了1997—2018年生态系统服务研究热点与发展趋势.结果表明: 近20年来,生态系统服务研究文献数量、研究机构均明显增加,主要的发文国家有美国、英国、德国、中国、澳大利亚,其中,美国的发文量与影响力最大.综合来看,中国在生态系统服务研究方面起步较晚,近期发展势头迅猛,科研产出量显著增加;但与国际相比还存在一定差距,文献质量及影响力还有待提高,国际合作交流有待提升.生态系统服务的热点主要集中在评估方法与模型、气候变化、生物多样性、土地利用变化、权衡与协同关系、科学研究决策及管理6方面.未来亟需加强的研究方向主要包括:生态系统服务的形成机制、评估指标及方法与模型、权衡与协同关系的时空动态与影响因素、生态系统服务与人类福祉的耦合关系、面向可持续发展的生态系统服务科学研究与决策管理等. |
