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The existence of garbage codes in death cause surveillance data sets could influence the accuracy of the death cause statistics, and subsequently affect the precision and effectiveness of public health policy making. International and domestic researchers have studied the characteristics of garbage codes in various death cause data sets from different countries or regions in the world. They proposed several approaches for redistributing garbage codes, such as expert consultancy, fixed proportional reassignment, using the information about death cause chain, building statistical models, and so on. This paper summarizes and compares the principles, applications and limitation of application scenarios of currently common methods for garbage code redistribution in order to provide some references for improving the accuracy and usefulness of the death cause data in China.垃圾编码存在于死因监测数据库中，会降低死因统计的准确性，进而影响卫生决策的正确性和有效性。国内外科研工作者们对于不同国家或地区死因数据库中垃圾编码的特点进行了很多研究，提出了专家咨询、按比例分配、利用死因链信息、建立统计方程等多种再分配垃圾编码的途径。本文对于目前常见方法的原理、应用以及应用场景的局限性进行了梳理和比较，从而为提高中国死因数据的准确性和有效性提供借鉴思路。. |
