| Autor: |
József M, Tukacs, Áron, Sylvester, Ildikó, Kmecz, Richard V, Jones, Mihály, Óvári, László T, Mika |
| Rok vydání: |
2018 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Royal Society Open Science |
| ISSN: |
2054-5703 |
| Popis: |
Heterogeneous continuous transformation of methyl levulinate (ML) and ethyl levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL), as a promising C5-platform molecule was studied at 100°C. It was proved that the H-Cube® continuous hydrogenation system equipped with 5% Ru/C CatCart® is suitable for the reduction of both levulinate esters. While excellent conversion rates (greater than 99.9%) of ML and EL could be achieved in water and corresponding alcohols, the selectivities of GVL were primarily affected by the solvent used. In water, 100% conversion and ca 50% selectivity that represent ca 0.45 molGVL gmetal−1 h−1 productivity towards GVL, were obtained under 100 bar of total system pressure. The application of alcohols as a solvent, which maintained high conversion rates up to 1 ml min–1 flow rate, resulted in lower productivities (less than 0.2 molGVL gmetal−1 h−1) of GVL. Therefore, from a synthesis point of view, the corresponding 4-hydroxyvalerate esters could be obtained even at a higher reaction rate. The addition of sulfonated triphenylphosphine ligand (TPPTS) allowed reduction of the system pressure and resulted in the higher selectivity towards GVL. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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