| Popis: |
To solve the problem of soil acidification in the cultivation of Codonopsis tangshen, laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate C. tangshen seed germination, seedling growth and soil exchangeable acid, microbial community structure after applying quicklime (QL) and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (CMP). The results showed that QL and CMP treatments significantly improved the survival rate of C. tangshen seedlings from 147.7% to 326.7% and from 270.1% to 311.2%, respectively. The maximum increase rates of the height of C. tangshen seedlings were 516.7% and 546.3%, and that of root length were 798.0% and 679.2% in the treatments of QL and CMP, respectively. 1‰-4‰ QL or CMP treatments increased the relative chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the content of soluble protein of C. tangshen seedlings, decreased the content of malondialdehyde and superoxide anion radical of seedlings, increased soil pH by 0.88-2.02 units and 0.23-1.19 units, and decreased the exchangeable aluminum content in soil by 53.0%-95.3% and 17.6%-81.3%, respectively. Soil bacterial and actinomycetic abundances were significantly higher in 2‰-4‰ QL or CMP treatments than that in the control. Soil fungal abundance was significantly lower in the QL treatment of 2‰ and CMP treatment of 4‰. 1‰-4‰ QL or CMP treatments significantly increased fresh weight of C. tangshen tubers by 40.5%-78.5% and 28.4%-78.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the suitable quantity of QL and CMP for acidified soil (pH=4.12, ρb=1.15 g·cm为解决川党参生产过程中土壤酸化的问题,研究不同用量生石灰和钙镁磷肥处理酸化土壤后川党参的种子萌发、幼苗生长及土壤交换性酸和微生物群落结构的变化.结果表明:与对照相比,生石灰和钙镁磷肥处理酸化土壤后显著提高了川党参种子的成苗率,增幅分别为147.7%～326.7%和270.1%～311.2%,川党参幼苗的株高最大增幅分别为516.7%和546.3%,根长最大增幅分别为798.0%和679.2%.生石灰和钙镁磷肥用量为1‰～4‰时,川党参幼苗的叶绿素相对含量、抗氧化酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量均显著提高,丙二醛和超氧阴离子自由基含量显著降低,土壤pH分别提高0.88～2.02个单位和0.23～1.19个单位,土壤交换性铝含量分别下降53.0%～95.3%和17.6%～81.3%.生石灰和钙镁磷肥用量为2‰～4‰时,土壤中细菌和放线菌的丰度显著增加;2‰生石灰和4‰钙镁磷肥处理显著降低土壤中真菌的丰度.盆栽试验显示,生石灰和钙镁磷肥用量分别为1‰～4‰时,川党参根茎鲜重分别提高40.5%～78.5%和28.4%～78.8%.综上,生石灰和钙镁磷肥改良酸化川党参土壤(pH 4.12,土壤容重1.15 g·cm |
