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Patients in "immunotolerant phase" of chronic hepatitis B virus infection are HBsAg and HBeAg-positive, with high HBV DNA level, normal ALT and no obvious histopathological hepatic necrotizing inflammation or fibrosis. However, in recent years, some studies have found that HBV DNA integration, clonal hepatocyte expansion, HBV-specific T cell immune response, liver injury and disease progression exist in patients with "immunotolerant phase" of chronic HBV infection. Therefore, the concept of "immunotolerant phase" is controversial. This paper summarizes the new insights into the "immunotolerant phase" of chronic hepatitis B virus infection, including its new concepts in nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and management.慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染"免疫耐受期"患者为HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性、HBV DNA高水平、丙氨酸转氨酶正常、肝脏病理学无明显炎症坏死和纤维化。但近年来，一些研究发现，慢性HBV感染"免疫耐受期"患者存在HBV DNA整合、克隆性肝细胞扩增、HBV特异性T细胞免疫应答，以及肝损伤和疾病进展。因此，对"免疫耐受期"的概念提出挑战。现对慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染"免疫耐受期"的新认识，包括新的命名及其诊断、治疗和管理的新理念作了简要综述。. |
