| Popis: |
To investigate the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) and analyze the laboratory test results and clinical data related to the disease, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment and improvement of prognosis.The clinical data of six neonatal patients with FNAIT in the Neonatology Department of our hospital from March 2017 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, which included laboratory diagnosis, clinical symptoms, treatment, and prognosis.Among six patients, two cases occurred in the first pregnancy and four cases in the second pregnancy. The platelet count of six cases were decreased at admission or during hospitalization and maternal and neonatal serum autoimmune platelet antibody tests were positive. Five cases were accompanied by different degrees of skin and facial bleeding spots or petechiae and ecchymosis, intracranial hemorrhage. Four cases were treated with immunoglobulin and/or steroid hormone therapy (one of them received cross-matched platelets transfusion), while the symptoms of the other two cases improved spontaneously. Five cases recovered and were discharged from the hospital, while one case had not recovered but the family members requested to be discharged forwardly. Four cases were hospitalized within two weeks, but two cases were hospitalized for more than two weeks due to other diseases or factors (e.g., neonatal sepsis, neonatal enteritis, congenital heart disease, neonatal asphyxia, etc.).FNAIT is characterized by decreased platelet count, with or without bleeding symptoms, and may occur in the first and following pregnancy. FNAIT can recover spontaneously or have a good prognosis after treatment. However, the complication with other diseases or factors may affect the prognosis.新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症血清学诊断结果和临床资料分析.探讨胎儿/新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症（FNAIT）的发病机制及临床诊断，分析疾病相关的实验室检测结果和临床资料，为临床治疗和改善预后提供参考.回顾性分析2017年3月至2020年9月本院新生儿科6例FNAIT患儿的临床资料，对其实验室诊断、临床症状、治疗方法及预后进行总结和分析.结果：2例患儿发生在初次妊娠，4例发生在再次妊娠；6例患儿在入院时或住院期间血小板计数均出现降低，母子血清同种免疫性血小板抗体检测均为阳性；5例患儿不同程度地出现皮肤、颜面部出血点或瘀点瘀斑、颅内出血等症状。4例患儿经丙种球蛋白和（或）类固醇激素治疗，其中1例输注交叉配合型血小板治疗，另2例自行好转。5例患儿痊愈出院，1例患儿未愈，家属自行要求出院。4例患儿住院天数在2周内，2例患儿因合并其他疾病或因素（如新生儿败血症、新生儿肠 炎、先天性心脏病、新生儿窒息等）而超过2周.FNAIT表现为血小板数降低，可伴或不伴出血症状，可发生在初次和再次妊娠，可自行好转或经治疗后预后良好，合并有其他疾病或因素可能影响预后. |
