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Loss of health and workability, as well as deaths due to harmful influence of the Chornobyl Catastrophe (including radiation exposure) during performance of professional, military or official duties and / or living on radiation-contaminated areas, additional exposure not through their own fault but due to a radiation accident, caused the development of a special form of medical expertise as part of the of medical social protection system for these suffered contingents.To study and characterize the structure of the affected categories (clean-up workers and victims) of the Chernobyl Catastrophe based on the materials of expert cases of the Central Interdepartmental Expert Commission (CMEC) in the remote post-accidental period (2013-2022).The work was performed in the design of a retrospective study that based on studying of 50,974 expert cases, which were considered by CIEC during 2013-2022 to establish a causal relationship between the disease and influence of radiation exposure and other harmful factors and conditions during ChNPP accident using a systematic analytical approach to assessing the medical and nonmedical parameters presented in medical expert documentation.The total number of affected adult citizens as on 01.01.2022, compared to 2008, decreased by 477,953 persons, or by 26.05 % (from 1,834,536 to 1,354,746 persons). The number of clean-up workers of the accident decreased from 276,327 (2013) to 171,725 (2022), or by 104,602 people (37.85 %), that means - during the last 10 years, almost every third clean-up worker who participated in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl NPP died. The number of adult victims decreased from 1,558,209 in 2008 to 1,183,021 in 2022, or by 24.08 % (375,188 persons). The average annual reduction in the absolute number of clean-up workers of ChNPP accident during 2013-2022 is about 7,770 people per year (9,424 during 2021), adult victims - 27,045 people per year (28,922 during 2021). In the structure of medical expert cases during 2013-2022 the leading place as the reason of disease, disability and death is occupied by oncological diseases - 52.72 %, cerebrovascular diseases and their complications make up 17.08 %, diseases of the cardiovascular system - 19.6 %.In the remote post-accidental period (2013-2022) has increased the need of expertise of the causal relationship of disability and the causes of death with the influence of the Chornobyl NPP accident consequences for medical and social support. During 2013-2022 period quick reducing for all categories of affected due to the Chornobyl NPP accident taken place. In the structure of medical expert cases during 2013-2022 the leading place as the reason of disease, disability and death is occupied by oncological diseases.Vtrata zdorov’ia ta pratsezdatnosti, a takozh smert' vnaslidok shkidlyvogo vplyvu Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy (u tomu chysli radiatsiĭnogo oprominennia) pid chas vykonannia profesiĭnykh, viĭs'kovykh abo sluzhbovykh obov’iazkiv ta/abo prozhyvannia na radiatsiĭno zabrudnenykh terytoriiakh, dodatkovogo oprominennia ne z vlasnoï vyny, a vnaslidok radiatsiĭnoï avariï sprychynylo rozvytok spetsial'noï formy medychnoï ekspertyzy v systemi medyko-sotsial'nogo zakhystu tsykh postrazhdalykh kontyngentiv.Meta: vyvchyty ta okharakteryzuvaty strukturu kategoriĭ postrazhdalykh (uchasnykiv likvidatsiï naslidkiv avariï ta poterpilykh) vid Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy za materialamy ekspertnykh sprav Tsentral'noï mizhvidomchoï ekspertnoï komisiï (TsMEK) u viddalenyĭ pisliaavariĭnyĭ period (2013–2022 rr.).Material i metody. Robota vykonana v dyzaĭni retrospektyvnogo doslidzhennia na osnovi vyvchennia 50 974 ekspertnykh sprav, shcho buly rozglianuti TsMEK vprodovzh 2013–2022 rr. dlia vstanovlennia prychynno-naslidkovogo zv’iazku mizh zakhvoriuvanniam ta vplyvom radiatsiĭnogo oprominennia ĭ inshykh shkidlyvykh faktoriv i umov pid chas avariï na ChAES z vykorystanniam systemnogo analitychnogo pidkhodu do otsinky medychnykh i nemedychnykh pokaznykiv, predstavlenykh u medyko-ekspertniĭ dokumentatsiï.Rezul'taty. Zagal'na kil'kist' postrazhdalykh doroslykh povnolitnikh gromadian stanom na 01.01.2022 porivniano z 2008 rokom zmenshylasia na 477 953 osoby, abo na 26,05 % (z 1 834 536 do 1 354 746 osib). Kil'kist' likvidatoriv avariï zmenshylasia z 276 327 (2013 r.) do 171 725 (2022 r.), abo na 104 602 osoby (37,85 %), tobto za ostanni 10 rokiv pomer maĭzhe kozhen tretiĭ uchasnyk likvidatsiï naslidkiv avariï na Chornobyl's'kiĭ AES. Kil'kist' doroslykh postrazhdalykh zmenshylasia z 1 558 209 u 2008 rotsi do 1 183 021 u 2022 rotsi, abo na 24,08 % (375 188 osib). Seredn'orichne skorochennia absoliutnoï chysel'nosti likvidatoriv avariï na ChAES protiagom 2013–2022 rokiv stanovyt' blyz'ko 7 770 osib na rik (9 424 protiagom 2021 roku), doroslykh postrazhdalykh – 27 045 osib na rik (28 922 protiagom 2021 roku). U strukturi medychnykh ekspertnykh sprav protiagom 2013–2022 rokiv providne mistse iak prychyna zakhvoriuvan', invalidnosti ta smerti posidaiut' onkologichni zakhvoriuvannia – 52,72 %, tserebrovaskuliarni zakhvoriuvannia ta ïkh uskladnennia stanovliat' 17,08 %, zakhvoriuvannia sertsevo-sudynnoï systemy – 19,6 %.Vysnovky. U viddalenyĭ pisliaavariĭnyĭ period (2013–2022 rr.) zrosla potreba v ekspertyzi prychynnonaslidkovogo zv’iazku invalidnosti ta prychyn smerti z vplyvom naslidkiv avariï na Chornobyl's'kiĭ AES dlia medyko-sotsial'nogo zabezpechennia. Protiagom 2013–2022 rokiv vidbulosia pryskorene skorochennia vsikh kategoriĭ postrazhdalykh vnaslidok avariï na Chornobyl's'kiĭ AES. U strukturi medychnykh ekspertnykh sprav protiagom 2013–2022 rokiv providne mistse iak prychyna khvorob shcho pryzvely do invalidnosti ta smerti posidaiut' onkologichni zakhvoriuvannia. |
