| Popis: |
The pharmacokinetics of a single, oral dose of 750 mg of ciprofloxacin were studied in 35 subjects with various degrees of renal function (Group 1, Clcror = 80 ml/min; Group II, Clcr 50-79 ml/min; Group III, Clcr 10-49 ml/min) and on hemodialysis (HD) or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Blood, urine and CAPD dialysate samples were collected over a period of 48 hours after dosing. Data were fitted using non-linear, least squares regression. The mean Cmax was 3.4 +/- 1.0 mg/l and tmax was 2.3 +/- 0.9 hours. The mean AUC in Group I was 14.7 mg.h/l, Group II was 33.7 (p0.001), Group III 63.8 (p0.001), HD 57.9 (p0.0001) and CAPD 44.3 (p0.001). Half-life in Group I was 4.6 h, and was shorter than Group III (11.1 h, p0.001), HD (13.4 h, p0.001) and CAPD (8.9 h, p0.001). Total body clearance and renal clearance demonstrated significant differences also. The dialysis clearance in CAPD patients was 0.53 +/- 0.39 l/h. Peritoneal effluent concentrations varied from 0.6 mg/l during the first exchange, to a peak of 2.2 mg/l during the second, to 0.13 mg/l in the 48 hour (9th) exchange. Dosage adjustments of ciprofloxacin in the presence of renal insufficiency are indicated for subjects with a Clcr20 ml/min/1.73m2. |
