Decreased detoxification genes and genome size make the human body louse an efficient model to study xenobiotic metabolism
| Autor: | S H, Lee, J S, Kang, J S, Min, K S, Yoon, J P, Strycharz, R, Johnson, O, Mittapalli, V M, Margam, W, Sun, H-M, Li, J, Xie, J, Wu, E F, Kirkness, M R, Berenbaum, B R, Pittendrigh, J M, Clark |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Insecta
Molecular Sequence Data Esterases Pediculus Genes Insect Receptors Nicotinic Sodium Channels Article Xenobiotics Insecticide Resistance Genes Mitochondrial Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Multigene Family Inactivation Metabolic Models Animal Animals ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Amino Acid Sequence Sequence Alignment Phylogeny Glutathione Transferase |
| Zdroj: | Insect molecular biology. 19(5) |
| ISSN: | 1365-2583 |
| Popis: | The human body louse, Pediculus humanus humanus, has one of the smallest insect genomes, containing ~10,775 annotated genes (Kirkness et al. 2010). Annotation of detoxification [cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), esterase (Est), and ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter)] genes revealed that they are dramatically reduced in P. h. humanus compared to other insects except for Apis mellifera. There are 37 P450, 13 GST and 17 Est genes present in P. h. humanus, approximately half of that found in Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae. The number of putatively functional ABC transporter genes in P. h. humanus and A. mellifera are the same (36) but both have fewer than An. gambiae (44) or D. melanogaster (65). The reduction of detoxification genes in P. h. humanus may be due to their simple life history, where they do not encounter a wide variety of xenobiotics. Neuronal component genes are highly conserved across different insect species as expected due to their critical function. Although reduced in number, P. h. humanus still retains at least a minimum repertoire of genes known to confer metabolic or toxicokinetic resistance to xenobiotics (e.g., Cyp3 clade P450s, Delta GSTs, B clade Ests and B/C subfamily ABC transporters), suggestive of its high potential for resistance development. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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