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Bioaugmented compost was created by inoculating petroleum-degrading bacteria into mature compost. The petroleum hydrocarbon degradation efficiencies were investigated by applying this enhanced compost to petroleum-contaminated soil under low temperatures. The results showed that the degrading bacteria can be enriched in the mature compost. After 30 d of remediation, the removal efficiency of TPH, alkanes, and PAHs in the soil was 27.0%, 19.6%, and 10.0%, compared to natural attenuation (CK), which was 4.5%, 9.5%, and 2.3%, respectively. In response to remediation, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla decreased from 53.4% and 25.9% to 48.9% and 14.1%, respectively, and Bacteroidetes phylum increased from 5.0% to 24.5%. At the genus level, the relative abundance of |
