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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Willd.) as a new health food in the 20th century, its comprehensive nutritional composition, stress resistance and other characteristics have been paid much of attention, and enjoys the reputation of "nutritional gold", "vegetarian king" and "food in the future" in the world. In recent years, with the rapid development of genomics and high-throughput sequencing technology, the high-quality whole genome sequence of quinoa has been completed, and the omics analysis and functional research of a series of key genes have been gradually carried out. In this review, we summarize the research progress in quinoa genomics, gene family analysis of important transcription factors, genetic map construction, QTL mapping of important traits, and genes for important agronomic and yield traits. Moreover, according to the current status of quinoa breeding, this paper also put forward five key problems in quinoa breeding, and pointed out four important directions of genetic improvement and breeding of quinoa in the future, so as to provide reference for the realization of directional genetic improvement of quinoa in the future.藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)作为20世纪新兴的健康食物，因其营养成分全面、抗逆性强等特性备受关注，在国际上享有“营养黄金”、“素食之王”、“未来食品”的美誉。近年来随着基因组学和高通量测序技术的快速发展，藜麦高质量的全基因组序列得以完成并开展了系列关键基因功能研究。本文总结了藜麦基因组学、重要转录因子基因家族分析、遗传图谱构建和重要性状QTL定位和重要农艺和产量性状基因的研究进展。此外，针对目前藜麦育种的现状，本文还提出了藜麦育种存在的5个关键问题，并指出了未来藜麦遗传改良和育种的4个重要方向，旨在为实现未来藜麦的定向遗传改良提供参考。. |
