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Bloodstream infections (BI) are associated with high morbidity and mortality.To determine epidemiological, microbiological and clinical features of community (CA-BI) and nosocomial bloodstream infections (N-BI).Bacteremia and fungemia events were retrospectively analyzed in two third-level hospitals between April 2009 and August 2013.We identified 1150 events of bloodstream infections, 53.2% were CA-BI. Gram negative microorganisms were isolated in 61%. The most frequent pathogens were Escherichia coli in CA-BI and Klebsiella pneumoniae in N-BI. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent gram positive organism. The main comorbidities were renal disease (39%) and malignancy (38%). There were 26.8% of primary bloodstream infections, and the main infection foci included respiratory (17.04%) and urinary tract (16.86%). A high percentage of gram-negative bacteria of CA-BI and N-BI were resistance to ampicillin sulbactam (40.2% and 57.5%), cephalothin (36.7% and 46.8%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 32.8% vs 35.5%) and ciprofloxacin (24.6% and 35.3%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were more frequently into ITS-IH (31.4% vs 11.8%, p = 0.007). Conclusions: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CA-BI and N-BI were similar to those reported by other Latin-American studies. We observed some differences in antimicrobial resistance profiles. We emphasize the importance of local epidemiological surveillance to choose appropriate empirical treatments.Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CA-BI and N-BI were similar to those reported by other Latin-American studies. We observed some differences in antimicrobial resistance profiles. We emphasize the importance of local epidemiological surveillance to choose appropriate empirical treatments.Las infecciones del torrente sanguíneo (ITS) generan elevada morbimortalidad.Determinar características epidemiológicas, microbiológicas y clínicas de ITS adquiridas en la comunidad (ITS-AC) e intrahospitalarias (ITS-IH).Se analizaron retrospectivamente eventos de bacteriemia y fungemia en dos hospitales de tercer nivel entre abril de 2009 y agosto de 2013.Se identificaron 1150 eventos de ITS, 53% ITS-AC. El 61% de microorganismos aislados fueron gram negativos. Los patógenos más frecuentes fueron Escherichia coli en ITS-AC y Klebsiella pneumoniae en ITS-IH. Staphylococcus aureus fue el gram positivo más frecuente. Las principales comorbilidades fueron enfermedad renal (39%) y neoplasias (38%). El 26,8% de ITS fueron primarias. Los focos infecciosos más frecuentes fueron respiratorio (17%) y urinario (16,9%). Un elevado porcentaje de gram negativos en ITS-AC e ITS-IH fueron resistentes a ampicilina sulbactam (40,2% y 57,5%), cefalotina (36,7% y 46,8%), trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol (32,8% vs 35,5%) y ciprofloxacina (24,6% y 35,3%). Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente fue más frecuente en ITS-IH (31,4% vs 11,8%, p=0,007).Las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de ITS fueron similares a las reportadas por otros estudios latinoamericanos. Pero observamos algunas diferencias en los perfiles de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Resaltamos la importancia de la vigilancia epidemiológica local para elegir tratamientos empíricos apropiados. |
