Human cathepsin S: chromosomal localization, gene structure, and tissue distribution
| Autor: | G P, Shi, A C, Webb, K E, Foster, J H, Knoll, C A, Lemere, J S, Munger, H A, Chapman |
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| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Chromosomes
Human Pair 15 Genomic Library Base Sequence Cathepsin L Molecular Sequence Data Chromosome Mapping Hominidae Exons Cathepsins Introns Cysteine Endopeptidases Chromosomes Human Pair 1 Organ Specificity Karyotyping Endopeptidases Animals Humans Chromosomes Human Pair 9 Promoter Regions Genetic Lung Chromosomes Human Pair 8 |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of biological chemistry. 269(15) |
| ISSN: | 0021-9258 |
| Popis: | The human lysosomal cysteine proteinases, cathepsins H, L, and B, have been mapped to chromosomes 15, 9, and 8, respectively, and the genomic structures of cathepsins L and B have been determined. We report here the chromosomal localization and partial gene structure for a recently sequenced human cysteine proteinase, cathepsin S. A 20-kilobase pair genomic clone of the human cathepsin S gene was isolated from a human fibroblast genomic library and used to map the human cathepsin S gene to chromosome 1q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. This clone contains exons 1 through 5, introns 1 through 4, part of intron 5, and7 kilobase pairs of the 5'-flanking sequence. The gene structure of human cathepsin S is similar to that of cathepsin L through the first 5 exons, except that cathepsin S introns are substantially larger. Sequencing of the 5'-flanking region revealed, similar to human cathepsin B, no classical TATA or CAAT box. In contrast to cathepsin B, cathepsin S contains only two SP1 and at least 18 AP1 binding sites that potentially could be involved in regulation of the gene. This 5'-flanking region also contains CA microsatellites. The presence of AP1 sites and CA microsatellites suggest that cathepsin S can be specifically regulated. Results of Northern blotting using probes for human cathepsins B, L, and S are consistent with this hypothesis; only cathepsin S shows a restricted tissue distribution, with highest levels in spleen, heart, and lung. In addition, immunostaining of lung tissue demonstrated detectable cathepsin S only in lung macrophages. The high level of expression in the spleen and in phagocytes suggests that cathepsin S may have a specific function in immunity, perhaps related to antigen processing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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