| Popis: |
In the past 30 years, the diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung disease (DPLD) in China has made great progress,and the understanding of the disease has been significantly improved. More and more diseases have been diagnosed by combining clinical, laboratory examination and typical high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT). In addition, the application of multidisciplinary discussion increased diagnosis rate, and the number of surgical lung biopsies was on a decreasing trend. However, lung biopsy was still required for some DPLD diseases. Different diseases required different lung biopsy methods. Some diseases with characteristic pathological features can be diagnosed by small biopsy specimens. Transbronchial cryobiopsy has a higher diagnostic rate than traditional bronchoscopic lung biopsy. Overall, the number of lung biopsy for DPLD is relatively low in China, and the development of non-tumor respiratory pathology is relatively lagging behind, and there is still the phenomenon of empirical hormone therapy in clinic. So many aspects on diagnosis and standardized treatment of DPLD still require continuous efforts to improve in the future.30年来，我国的弥漫性间质性肺疾病（DPLD）的诊断取得了长足的进步，对疾病的认识显著提高，越来越多的疾病结合临床、实验室检查及典型HRCT得以诊断。同时，多学科讨论诊断模式开展，提高了诊断率，外科肺活检数量呈下降趋势。一些DPLD疾病仍然需要肺活检，不同疾病要求肺活检方式不同，一些有特征性病理特点的疾病可以经小活检标本诊断，临床影像不典型及复杂疾病仍然需要外科肺活检。冷冻肺活检比传统经支气管镜肺活检有更高诊断率。我国总体DPLD肺活检偏低，非肿瘤专科呼吸病理发展相对滞后，临床仍然存在激素经验性治疗的现象，其诊断及规范治疗都存在诸多问题，需要不断努力。. |
