| Popis: |
China is one of the countries with serious forest fires. Besides the methods of strengthening management of fire source and increasing forest fire monitoring and rescue efforts, improving the ability of forest itself to resist fire is also the key to prevent forest fires. In this study, we examined the characteristics of the bark across 11 main tree species in Korean pine broad-leaved forest at Jiaohe Forestry Experimental Area in Jilin Province. Fire resistance of bark acorss the tree species was evaluated comprehensively with four indices of water content, ash content, calorific value and oxygen index, using the methods of entropy weight, variance analysis and cluster analysis. Results showed that water content of bark was the highest in Phellodendron amurense. Calorific value of bark was the lowest and ash content was the highest in Ulmus davidiana. Oxygen index of bark was the highest in Fraxinus mandshurica. Bark fire resistance of 11 tree species followed the order of U. davidianaAcer monoAcer triflorumAcer mandshuricumF. mandshuricaQuercus mongolicaP. amurenseTilia amurensisJuglans mandshuricaPinus koraiensisBetula costata. The tree species in Korean pine broad-leaved forest could be classified to five categories according to bark fire resistance: U. davidiana belonged to the category of strongest fire-resistance; A. mono and A. triflorum belonged to the category of strong fire-resistance; A. mandshuricum, F. mandshurica, Q. mongolica, P. amurense, T. amurensis belonged to the category of common fire-resistance; J. mandshurica and P. koraiensis belonged to the category of weak fire-resistance; and B. costata belonged to the category of poor fire-resistance.我国是森林火灾较为严重的国家之一,在森林防火工作中,除加强火源管理、加大森林火灾的监测和扑救力度等手段外,提高林分自身抵抗火灾的能力也是预防森林火灾发生的关键。本研究以吉林省蛟河林业实验区管理局内红松阔叶林11种主要树种树皮为研究对象,根据含水率、灰分、热值、氧指数4个指标,使用熵权法、方差分析、聚类分析等方法对各树种树皮抗火性进行综合评价。结果表明: 黄檗树皮的含水率最高,春榆树皮的热值最低且灰分含量最大,水曲柳树皮的氧指数最高;11种树种树皮抗火性大小依次为:春榆色木槭拧筋槭白牛槭水曲柳蒙古栎黄檗紫椴胡桃楸红松枫桦。红松阔叶林主要树种树皮的抗火性可分为5类,春榆的抗火性强;色木槭、拧筋槭的抗火性较强;白牛槭、水曲柳、蒙古栎、黄檗、紫椴的抗火性一般;胡桃楸、红松的抗火性差;枫桦的抗火性极差。. |
