Ketorolac tromethamine pharmacokinetics and metabolism after intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration in humans and animals
| Autor: | E J, Mroszczak, D, Jung, J, Yee, L, Bynum, H, Sevelius, I, Massey |
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| Rok vydání: | 1990 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Magnesium Hydroxide Metabolic Clearance Rate Anti-Inflammatory Agents Non-Steroidal Administration Oral Aluminum Hydroxide Injections Intramuscular Ketorolac Tromethamine Drug Combinations Food Injections Intravenous Animals Humans Female Tissue Distribution Tolmetin Tromethamine Ketorolac Half-Life |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacotherapy. 10(6 ( Pt 2)) |
| ISSN: | 0277-0008 |
| Popis: | In humans, ketorolac is completely bioavailable and its kinetics are linear. It is absorbed rapidly (half-life for absorption 3.8 min) after oral (fasting) and intramuscular administration; food delays but does not reduce its absorption. The drug is highly protein bound in humans (greater than 99%). The mean plasma elimination half-life is 5-6 hours, and ketorolac is not extensively distributed outside the vascular compartment (Vd beta 15 L). Virtually all of the drug-related material circulating in plasma is in the form of ketorolac (greater than 96%), with the only metabolite the pharmacologically inactive p-hydroxyketorolac (PHK). Humans excrete about 90% of the administered dose in urine. About 60% of drug-related material recovered from urine is ketorolac, about 12% is PHK, and 28% represents polar, glucuronide conjugates of ketorolac. The animal models in which ketorolac's metabolism and kinetics are most similar to those in humans are the mouse and monkey, respectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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