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Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) was discovered in 1994 in the biopsy of a Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with AIDS. Since then it has been identified in all variants of Kaposi's sarcoma and in another two rare disorders: multicentric Castleman's disease and primary body-cavity based lymphomas. The case discusses a 68 year old, HIV-negative male patient, presenting Kaposi's sarcoma for one year and being monitored by dermatology, who presented for weakness, anorexia and fever. On examination, he was found to have adenitis of the lymph nodes in his neck, underarm and groin. A biopsy on one of the swellings led to findings characteristic of multicentric plasma cell variant Castleman's disease. Blood tests for HHV8 and HIV were carried out, resulting positive and negative respectively (IgG anti-HHV8 positive, title 1/640, indirect immunofluorescence). PCR amplification showed HHV8 in peripheral blood. Patient received 8 cycles of CHOP and rituximab, leading to complete disappearance of the adenitis and general symptoms, with no worsening of his Kaposi's sarcoma. Patient remained in complete remission for 10 months after treatment. This paper discusses the case of a HIV-, HHV8+ patient, diagnosed with classic Kaposi's sarcoma, who developed multicentric plasma cell variant Castleman's disease. The coincidence of two or more HHV8-related illnesses in a HIV-negative patient has rarely been described in medical literature. Treatment with rituximab combined with CHOP chemotherapy was effective in this case, and no worsening of the patient's KS was observed. |
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