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Ispitivano je razumevanje različitih predloško-padežnih konstrukcija kojima se izražavao neki prostorni odnos. Pošlo se od pretpostavke o značajnom raslojavanju stepena njihovog razumevanja tokom celog predškolskog uzrasta. Ciljevi su formulisani u nekoliko tačaka: utvrditi stepen slaganja razvojnog trenda različitih konstrukcija, grupisati sintagme u manji broj kategorija na osnovu sličnosti njihovih razvojnih trendova, i ustanoviti neke od činioca te razvojne dinamike. Ustanovljeno je pet klastera, a zatim postupkom diskriminativne analize utvrđen skup varijabli relevantnih za predikciju pripadništva klasteru: frekvenca predloga, broj funkcija i značenja predloga, količina informacije koju dati predlog nosi. U pokušaju identifikacije semantičkih, konceptualnih činilaca razvoja, ustanovljeno je da se najpre usvajaju topološke relacije, zatim značenja koja se odnose na putanje kretanja ili orijentacije, dalje, značenja koja se odnose na osnu strukturu, a najsporije ona koja se odnose na region referentnog objekta. Comprehension of prepositional noun phrases in Serbian by children from 3 to 7 years old was studied. In an experiment with the sentence interpretation task children were asked to demonstrate the meaning of sentences containing prepositions and marked cases by means of models and toys given to them. All the sentences referred to spatial relations. The study was aimed at: a) searching for the course of acquisition of different prepositional phrases, b) classifying them into several groups on the basis of dynamics of acquisition, and c) determining the variables predicting the classification. By means of cluster analysis procedures five groups of phrases were obtained. Frequency of prepositions, number of prepositional roles and functions, and the amount of information of the prepositions were most effective in predicting the classification. It was found that children acquire the semantic aspects of phrases in the following order: topological relations, the meaning of paths (trajectories) and orientations, the meaning of axis geometry, and finally relations of regions of reference objects. |
