| Popis: |
The filtration process in treatment plant is important function in the way of separating of the undesired content from the water to be handled to the nest stages with more clear behavior. The instability of filtration action can lead to problems in the output water. The conventional unit used was contained deep bed of sand (0.6 -1) mm with 60 cm height followed by three bed of gravels (2.5-6.5) mm, (6.5-9.5) mm, and ( 9.5-13.5) mm. each layer with height of 10 cm. these unit was examined along many days for removal of many contaminants that’s tested before and after filtration process. The contaminants included (turbidity, potential of hydrogen (pH), suspended solid, electrical conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved solid, and E.coli). same tests for contaminants were implemented for updated filtration unit that built during the study in which the updated unit included 40 cm deep of (0.6-1) mm sand layer followed by 30 cm deep (1-2) mm sand layer then followed by two 10 cm deep gravel layers with grade of (2.5-6.5)mm and (6.5- 9.5) mm respectively. The geometrical appearance including the dimensions for the two units was showed in the study. The study included the analysis of results for tests of the old and new unit according to the removal percent. The output of the updated unit showed more stability in removal contaminants than the non-updated one. The head loss with respect to the inlet flow rate was recorded. The study used the statistical analysis for deriving effective figures that can be used for assigning the right inlet flow rate flow achieving removal efficiency more than 67% to be with the stability that detected for the new unit. The comparison for the two units was explained by many figures and charts. The output magnitudes of the contaminants had been checked with Iraqi standard limits, the results explained that the updated unit was so effective in removal in which its contaminants in the output stream were under the standard limit line with noticeable gap. |
