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Stem cells are non-specialized body cells at a very early stage of development, which under normal conditions in a given tissue can differentiate into different types of functionally specialized mature cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for clinical use in the reconstruction of damaged tissue, especially as it can be isolated from various sources and reproduced, and their use does not carry any ethical problems. Isolation methods of MSCs from adipose tissue are based on enzymatic degradation of the obtained materials. Terms for cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells are temperature of 37 °C and the partial pressure of CO2 5%. MSCs are cultured in the medium, often in a-MEM medium with 10% or 20% of fetal calf serum. Under these conditions of cultivation adherent cells form colonies in 7-14 days. MSCs are multipotent and able to differentiate in vitro conditions into Mesodermal differentiation, forming osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. However, they can be differentiated into cells of ectodermal origin (such as neurons) and cells of endodermal origin (eg, ß-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and hepatocytes). The Laboratory for stem cell of the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the State University of Novi Pazar conducts research of MSCs originating from human adipose tissue. In collaboration with surgeons of Health Center of Novi Pazar, and respecting the norms of the Ethics Committee of both institutions in the period from 01.07.2011. to 01.07.2012. were obtained 22 samples of human subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients aged 18 to 65 years. 15 samples successfully completed the process of isolation and cultivation, and 8 induces Mesodermal differentiation. Matične ćelije su nespecijalizovane ćelije organizma u vrlo ranom stadijumu razvića, koje u normalnim uslovima u datom tkivu mogu da se diferenciraju u različite tipove funkcionalno specijalizovanih zrelih ćelija. Mezenhimalne matične ćelije (MSCs) su atraktivni kandidati za kliničku primenu u obnavljanju oštećenih tkiva, pogotovu što se mogu izolovati iz više izvora i umnožavati, a njihova primena ne nosi nikakve etičke probleme. Metode izolacije MSCs iz masnog tkiva zasnivaju se na enzimatskom razlaganju dobijenog materijala. Uslovi kultivacije mezenhimalnih matičnih ćelija su temperatura od 37°C i parcijalni pritisak CO2 5%. MSCs se gaje u medijumu, najčešće u a-MEM medijumu sa 10% ili 20% fetalnim telećim serumom. Pod tim uslovima kultivisanja za 7-14 dana adherisane ćelije formiraju kolonije. MSCs su multipotentne i sposobne da se diferenciraju u uslovima in vitro u mezodermalnom pravcu, stvarajući osteoblaste, hondrocite i adipocite. Međutim, one mogu da se diferenciraju i u ćelije ektodermalnog (npr. neurone) i ćelije endodermalnog porekla (npr. ß-ćelije Langerhansovih ostrvaca pankreasa i hepatocite). U Laboratoriji za matične ćelije Departmana za biomedicinske nauke Državnog univerziteta u Novom Pazaru sprovodi se istraživanje MSCs poreklom iz humanog masnog tkiva. U saradnji sa hirurzima Zdravstvenog centra Novi Pazar, a uz poštovanje normi Etičkog komiteta obe ustanove u periodu od 01.07.2011. do 01.07.2012. godine dobijeno je 22 uzorka potkožnog humanog masnog tkiva od ispitanika starosti od 18 do 65 godina. Od 15 uzoraka uspešno je završen proces izolacije i kultivacije, a od 8 i ciljane mezodermalne diferencijacije. |
