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Postupci aditivne proizvodnje ili 3D ispisa prvo su se pojavili kao odgovor na sve veću potrebu za brzu izradu prototipova (e. Rapid Prototyping – RP). Kroz vrijeme oni su se također počeli koristiti i za brzu izradu čitavih alata i kalupa (e. Rapid Tooling – RT), no danas sve se više koriste i za izradu gotovih proizvoda maloserijske ili pojedinačne proizvodnje (e. Rapid Manufacturing - RM). Glavna odlika im je mogućnost brze izrade modela s kompleksnom geometrijom. Ona može trajati od nekoliko minuta do nekoliko dana, tako da je brza kad ju usporedimo s klasičnom proizvodnjom. Taložno očvršćivanje (e. Fused Deposition Modeling – FDM) jedan je od postupaka koji se temelje na ekstrudiranju i danas je jedan od najrasprostranjenijih postupaka 3D ispisa. Pri ispisu FDM postupkom možemo mijenjati razne značajke kao što su orijentacija modela, temperatura ispisa i debljina sloja, ali u ovom radu fokus je na strukturi ispune . Većina svojstava ispisanih modela kao što je rastezna čvrstoća su dobro obrađena u literaturi, za razliku od njih u radu je analizirana pritisna čvrstoća koja je rijetko ispitivana, a temelji se baš na strukturi ispune. U eksperimentalnom dijelu ovog rada nastojalo se usporediti pritisne čvrstoće epruveta raznih struktura ispune dobivenih FDM postupkom 3D ispisa. Usporedbom rezultata ovih ispitivanja zaključit će se koja vrsta ispune daje najbolja pritisna svojstva te koje su ispune najisplativije u odnosu na vrijeme ispisa dobivene epruvete. Additive manufacturing, more commonly known as 3D printing first showed up as a response to a demand for quick manufacturing of prototypes – Rapid Prototyping. Later on, it was used for tool and mold manufacturing – Rapid Tooling, but nowadays it is being used for small series manufacturing or individual production – Rapid Manufacturing, with an increasing frequency. The main characteristic of additive manufacturing is the quick manufacturing of models with complex geometry. It is fast relative to traditional manufacturing, so it can last from a couple of minutes to a couple of days. Fused deposition modeling is a 3D printing technology that is based on extrusion and it is one of the most common technologies used today. When printing we can change various parameters such as model orientation, printing temperature and layer height, but in this thesis the focus is on the infill structure. Most mechanical properties of a 3D printed models such as the tensile strength have been thoroughly studied in the literature, but this thesis analyzes the compressive strength that is largely based upon the infill structure. The experimental part of this thesis compares the compressive strength of samples with various infill geometries produced by FDM 3D printing. Comparing these results will indicate what type of infill gives the best compressive properties and what type of infill is most cost effecting taking into account the print duration of the samples. |
