| Popis: |
En este art?culo se proporciona una revisi?n documental de los sistemas educativos, a partir de su estructura, organizaci?n, normatividad, caracter?sticas y problem?ticas; adem?s de establecer los diferentes niveles formativos en que se encuentran articulados, de acuerdo con la Clasificaci?n Internacional Normalizada de la Educaci?n (CINE). Se realiza especial ?nfasis en los sistemas educativos de pa?ses como: Espa?a, Argentina. Bolivia, Colombia y Venezuela, estableciendo comparaciones entre ellos; las cuales permiten identificar aspectos comunes y establecer las diferencias entre sus modelos, ante los m?ltiples factores que inciden en la trayectoria educativa de cada pa?s. De la misma manera, se realiza un recorrido informativo sobre las tendencias de los sistemas educativos y el an?lisis de diez art?culos cient?ficos que abordan el tema, los cuales permiten comprender de una mejor forma, las particularidades de los mismos, determinando que actualmente existe una gran variedad de tendencias de sistemas educativos, que buscan conseguir modelos exitosos, para mejorar la calidad educativa y el desarrollo econ?mico de sus contextos. Por ?ltimo, se abordan los desaf?os de los sistemas educativos, el rastreo indica, que son de diversa ?ndole, pero que tienen retos comunes asociados a la cuarta revoluci?n, en contexto con la educaci?n 4.0 y Steam; que a su vez son consecuentes con el desarrollo sostenible, en el marco de la transformaci?n digital que afecta a todos los sectores de la sociedad. Los sistemas educativos procuran responder a los retos que demanda la situaci?n actual y futura, preparando a los estudiantes en habilidades y destrezas adicionales a las recibidas tradicionalmente, para que se adapten al cambio, con talento y competencias pertinentes al nuevo escenario. This article provides a documentary review of educational systems, based on their structure, organization, regulations, characteristics and problems; in addition to establishing the different training levels in which they are articulated, in accordance with the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). Special emphasis is made in the educational systems of countries such as: Spain, Argentina. Bolivia, Colombia and Venezuela, establishing comparisons between them; which allow us to identify common aspects and establish the differences between their models, given the multiple factors that affect the educational path of each country. In the same way, an informative tour is carried out on the trends of the educational systems and the analysis of ten scientific articles that address the topic, which allow us to better understand their peculiarities, determining that there is currently a great variety of trends in educational systems that seek to achieve successful models to improve educational quality and economic development in their contexts. Finally, the challenges of educational systems are addressed, the trace indicates that they are diverse, but they have common challenges associated with the fourth revolution, in context with education 4.0 and Steam; which in turn are consistent with sustainable development, within the framework of the digital transformation that affects all fields of society. The educational systems try to respond to the challenges that the current and future situation demands, preparing students in additional abilities and skills to those traditionally received, so that they adapt to change, with talent and competencies relevant to the new scenario. |
