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Ovim radom istraženi su odnosi između modela privrženosti prema roditeljima i modela identiteta među osobama koje se nalaze u razvojnom razdoblju odraslosti u nastajanju. U skladu s Bowlbyjevom teorijom privrženosti i Eriksonovom psihosocijalnom teorijom, unutarnji radni modeli sebe i drugih koji upućuju na sigurnu privrženost između djeteta i skrbnika pružaju temelj za uspješno formiranje identiteta, dok će nesigurni radni modeli vjerojatnije dovesti do teškoća pri formiranju identiteta. Uzorak se sastojao od 566 sudionika u rasponu dobi od 18 do 25 godina, koji su anketnim putem ispunili mrežne upitnike koji se odnose na privrženost majci i ocu te razvijenost identiteta. Rezultati su obrađeni na razinama kategorija privrženosti i identiteta i na razinama njihovih dimenzija. Kod sudionica rezultati dobiveni kategorijalnim pristupom su konzistentni s kontinuiranim pristupom, pri čemu je utvrđeno da sigurna privrženost prema oba roditelja upućuje na višu razinu obvezivanja, a manju sklonost za istraživanjem (više u preuzetom identitetu, manje u moratoriju), dok sudionice s odbijajućom privrženosti, s druge strane, imaju tendenciju istraživati svoj identitet te im je teže obvezati se (više u moratoriju, manje u preuzetom identitetu). Kod sudionika nije utvrđena povezanost obrazaca privrženosti i statusa identiteta, dok su rezultati na pojedinim dimenzijama pokazali da su više razine dimenzija privrženosti, Anksioznost i Izbjegavanje, prema roditeljima negativno povezane s dimenzijom identiteta, Obvezivanje, dok za drugu dimenziju identiteta, Istraživanje, nije bilo povezanosti s dimenzijama privrženosti prema roditeljima. Obvezivanje životnim vrijednostima i ciljevima je kod oba spola povezano sa sigurnom privrženošću prema roditeljima, dok je istraživanje različitih alternativa povezano s odbijajućom privrženosti prema roditeljima samo kod sudionica. Nalazi upućuju na potrebu korištenja dimenzionalnoga umjesto kategorijalnog pristupa pri proučavanju razvojnih trendova u razvoju identiteta. This study investigated the relationships between parental attachment models and identity models among individuals in the developmental period of emerging adulthood. In accordance with Bowlby's attachment theory and Erikson's psychosocial theory, internal working models of self and others that indicate a secure attachment between child and caregiver provide the foundation for successful identity formation, while insecure working models are more likely to lead to difficulties in identity formation. The sample consisted of 566 participants between the ages of 18 and 25, who filled out online questionnaires related to mother and father attachment and identity development. The results were processed at the levels of attachment and identity categories and at the levels of their dimensions. In the case of female participants, the results obtained by the categorical approach are consistent with the continuous approach, where Secure attachment to both parents was found to indicate a higher level of commitment and a lower tendency to explore (more in Foreclosure, less in Moratorium), while individuals with Dissmising attachment, on the other hand, tend to explore their identity and find it difficult to commit (more in Moratorium, less in Foreclosure). Among male participants, no significant correlation between attachment patterns and identity status was found, while the results on the dimensions showed that in male participants, higher levels of the dimensions of attachment, Anxiety and Avoidance, to parents, were negatively related to the dimension of identity, Commitment, while for the second dimension of identity, Exploration, there was no correlation with dimensions of attachment to parents. Committing to life values and goals is associated with secure attachment to parents in both sexes, while exploration of different alternatives is associated with Dissmising attachment to parents only in female participants. Findings indicate the need to use a dimensional instead of a categorical approach when studying development trends in identity development. |
