GRASPED BY WHAT CANNOT BE GRASPED

Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Popis: In chapter 2 we described and quantified the prevalence and characteristics of RDs, and the co-occurrence of RDs with other delusions, using a semi structured diagnostic interview in older adults diagnosed with either affective or nonaffective psychotic disorders. Results showed that RDs were fairly common in both diagnostic groups, psychotic depression and schizophrenia. RDs were markedly higher among patients with psychotic depression compared to younger samples. RDs with delusions of grandeur, Cotard and Schneider appear to be related to non-affective psychosis (schizophrenia). The delusional characteristic bizarreness and the presence of more psychotic symptoms are significantly more common in this combination of delusions. In psychotic depression, RDs with delusions of guilt occurred predominantly with more symptoms of distress compared to patients without this combination of delusions. In chapter 3 we explored the prevalence and content of religious hallucinations (RHs), how they relate to the diagnosis, and how RDs and RHs related to patients’ denominational background and other aspects of religiousness. Results showed that the prevalence of RHs amounted to 18.7%, no statistically significant difference between the prevalence in schizophrenia (17.5%) and in psychotic depression (9.4%). Moreover, the contents of the RHs about the Devil or Satan were quite common, and more prevalent in patients with psychotic depression. RDs and RHs were significantly more prevalent in psychotic depressed patients who were raised as or were currently affiliated as strict Protestants. Religion is likely to act as a symptom-formation factor for psychotic symptoms in strict Protestant older adults. In chapter 4 we aimed to obtain more insight into the course of RDs over time. Results showed that, although RDs in older adults decline in the clinical course of psychotic depression, the course is unfavorable compared to psychotic depression without RDs with regards to depressive symptom severity. In schizophrenia the most persistent course (87%) pertained to RDs compared to other types of delusions. We also demonstrated that patients with RDs applied more positive religious coping compared to patients without RDs regardless of remission or non-remission of RDs. In chapter 5 mental health professionals (MHPs) described and qualified four vignettes (a psychosis vignette, a spiritual experience vignette, a mourning reaction and a melancholia vignette). The answers to four questions (concerning etiology, pharmacotherapy, seriousness, mental health care) were per vignette quantified. Results showed that the non-medical professionals (psychologists and social psychiatric nurses) considered the melancholia vignette more frequently as a religious or spiritual problem, pharmacotherapy as less useful and mental health care assistance as less desirable compared to the medical professionals (psychiatrists, trainee psychiatrists). In chapter 6 we described and quantified the ability of four categories CMs of various Christian denominations (N=143) and the group of (MHPs) (N = 73) to distinguish the four vignettes as described in the previous chapter. Results showed that Evangelical CMs most frequently viewed the two psychiatric vignettes as a religious or spiritual problem, and certainly when compared to the MHPs. The need for psychiatric care in the event of the psychosis vignette was only acknowledged by the strict Protestant CMs to much the same extent as the MHPs. In chapter 7 we described and quantified the ability of CMs as a group to recognize serious psychopathology compared to that of MHPs as a group. The same vignettes were applied. Results showed that the MHPs and CMs considered the P-states clearly more in need of psychiatric care and more as a serious problem than the NP-states. Though, CMs considered the P-states significantly more often as a religious or spiritual problem as well as significantly less often as in need of psychiatric care than the MHPs did.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: