Treatment of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
| Autor: | Čičak, Lara |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Marić Brozić, Jasmina, Gamulin, Marija, Beketić-Orešković, Lidija |
| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Popis: | Karcinom pločastih stanica kože (engl. cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma - cSCC) nemelanomski je tumor kože koji nastaje malignom alteracijom keratinocita. Predstavlja jedan od najčešćih tumora u bijeloj populaciji s rastućom incidencijom. Među najznačajnijim čimbenicima rizika za razvoj cSCC nalaze se izloženost ultraljubičastom zračenju, starija životna dob, svijetla put i imunosupresija. Jedan dio cSCC pokazuje agresivniji tijek bolesti sa sklonošću recidiviranja i metastaziranja. Uznapredovali cSCC obuhvaća lokalno uznapredovali cSCC i metastatski cSCC s regionalnim ili udaljenim metastazama. Stratifikacija cSCC u skupinu niskog ili visokog rizika za lošijim kliničkim ishodom preporuča se na temelju čimbenika visokog rizika. Danas korišteni klasifikacijski sustavi za određivanje stadija cSCC uključuju sustav 8. izdanja priručnika Američkog društva za rak, sustav 8. izdanja priručnika Unije za međunarodnu kontrolu raka i „Brigham and Women’s Hospital“ klasifikacijski sustav. Kirurška ekscizija prvi je terapijski izbor za liječenje cSCC. Bolje razumijevanje molekularne patogeneze u nastanku cSCC dovelo je do otkrića novih terapijskih opcija za sustavno liječenje uznapredovalog karcinoma. Ono uključuje ciljanu terapiju inhibitorima receptora epidermalnog faktora rasta i imunoterapiju inhibitorima proteina programirane stanične smrti-1. Cemiplimab, prvi registrirani lijek za liječenje uznapredovalog cSCC, promijenio je terapijske ishode oboljelih te pokrenuo novi val istraživanja u liječenju uznapredovalog oblika bolesti. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a nonmelanoma skin cancer caused by malignant alteration of keratinocytes. It represents one of the most common tumors in the white population with a growing incidence. The most common factors implicated in cSCC etiopathogenesis include ultraviolet radiation exposure, older age, fair skin and immunosuppression. A subset of cSCC shows a more aggressive course with a tendency to recur and metastasize. Advanced cSCC is classified as locally advanced cSCC and metastatic cSCC including regional or distant metastases. Stratification of cSCC into a low risk or high risk group for a poor clinical outcome is recommended based on high risk factors. Current systems used for staging include the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition, the Union for International Cancer Control 8th edition and Brigham and Women’s Hospital system. Surgical excision is the first-line treatment for cSCC. A better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis in the development of cSCC has led to the discovery of new therapeutic options for the systemic treatment of advanced cSCC. Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted treatments and programmed cell death-1 protein immune checkpoint inhibitors have been added in the therapeutic landscape of advanced cSCC. Cemiplimab, the first registered drug for the treatment of advanced cSCC, has altered the therapeutic outcomes of cSCC patients and launched a new wave of research in the treatment of advanced disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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