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Posljednjih godina ustanovljena je pojava sušenja cvjetnih glavica i mladih, netom zametnutih plodova masline na području Zadarske županije. Pojava je osobito izražena u ekološkim maslinicima koji su podignuti na melioriranom kršu. Sušenje cvjetova i plodova povezano je s prisustvom određenih štetnika i bolesti. Cilj ovog završnog rada je utvrditi intenzitet sušenja cvjetne glavice i mladih plodova na sortama Oblica, Leccino i Pendolino u ekološkom masliniku pokraj Poličnika. Označeno je pet stabala svake sorte na kojima je obavljeno istraživanje. Prvim brojanjem u fazi 55 po BBCH skali je označeno 100 cvatova na 4 do 6 grana svakog stabla i na njima je pobrojan ukupan broj cvjetova. Dalje je praćen razvoj mladih plodova i intenzitet opadanja istih do faze 79 prema BBCH skali. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je od ukupnog broja cvjetova na sorti Leccino razvijeno 1,5% zdravih plodova, kod sorte Pendolino 1,94%, dok je kod sorte Oblica razvijeno najviše, odnosno 2,76% zdravih plodova. Zabilježena je pojava zdravih i suhih plodova u fazi 79 prema BBCH skali. Na sorti Leccino je zabilježeno 43,3% zdravih i 28,8% suhih plodova. Kod sorte Pendolino je zabilježen niži postotak suhih plodova, odnosno 10,6% te viši zdravih plodova u iznosu od 70,3%. Sorta Oblica je dala 73% zdravih i 15% suhih plodova. Istraživanjem je zabilježena pojava sušenja plodova, međutim nije moguće zaključiti koji je glavni uzrok sušenja nakon oplodnje. Sumnja se na fitopatogenu gljivu te je stoga potrebno provesti fitopatološka istraživanja u budućnosti. Phenomenon of drying of flower heads and young drupes was discovered in Zadar County over the past years. The phenomenon is particularly manifested in ecological olive groves raised on reclaimed karst. Drying of flowers and drupes is associated with the presence of certain pests and diseases. The aim of this research is to determine the intensity of drying of flower heads and young drupes on Oblica, Leccino and Pendolino varieties in ecological olive grove near Poličnik. Five trees of each observed variety was marked. First counting was in stage 55 of BBCH scale where 100 inflorescences were marked on 4 to 6 branches of every tree and total number of flowers was counted. Furthermore, the development of young drupes and the intensity of their loss was followed up to stage 79 of BBCH scale. The results showed that from the total number of flowers, on the Leccino variety 1,5% of the healthy drupes was grown, in the Pendolino variety 1,94%, while Oblica cultivars developed the most, i.e. 2,76% of the healthy drupes. The occurrence of healthy and dry drupes in stage 79 of BBCH scale was recorded, on Leccino variety 43,3% of healthy drupes and 28,8% of dried drupes. In the Pendolino variety there was a lower percentage of dry drupes, i.e. 10,6% and higher percentage of healthy drupes, i.e. 70,3%. Oblica variety had 73% of healthy and 15% of dry drupes. The research showed the occurrence of drying of drupes, but it is not possible to conclude what was the main reason of drying after fertilization. It is suspected of phytopathogenic fungi and therefore it is necessary to conduct phytopathological research in the future. |
