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Postoji više sustava održavanja tla u masliniku kao što su stalna ili povremena mehanička obrada, ali i zatravljivanje dijela ili čitave površine nasada. Zatravljivanje tla u masliniku je jedna od mjera očuvanja vlage i povećanja sadržaja organske tvari u tlu. Osim toga, ovim postupkom se smanjuje zbijenost tla i sprječavaju velike promjene temperature tla. Travnati pokrivač ima pozitivan utjecaj na očuvanje brojnosti i biološke raznolikosti prizemnih člankonožaca. Lokalitet na kojem je provedeno istraživanje je maslinik u mjestu Podstrana koje pripada području Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Zastupljene sorte maslina su Oblica i Levantinka. Maslinik je podijeljen na tri dijela unutar kojih su primijenjene tri različita visina otkosa (otkos do površine tla te otkos na 10 i 15 cm). Istraživanje je provedeno od početka svibnja do početka rujna 2019. godine. Uzorkovanje faune je provedeno korištenjem lovnih posuda. Uzorci su uzimani svakih 15 dana. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj visine otkosa na sastav i brojnost faune prizemnih člankonožaca, a u svrhu očuvanja njihove populacije u zatravljenom masliniku. Prikupljeno je sveukupno 1 490 jedinki iz 5 razreda, 10 redova i 12 porodica. Najbrojniji redovi su Isopoda s 1006 jedinki odnosno 67,5% udjela u cjelokupnoj fauni, zatim Araneae sa 137 jediniki (9,19%), Hymenoptera sa 110 jedinki (7,38%) i Blattodea sa 102 jedinke (6,84%). Najmanje jedinki pronaĎeno je na dijelu maslinika košenom do razine površine tla, a najviše na dijelu košenom do visine od 15 cm. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su da biljni pokrov u masliniku ima pozitivan utjecaj na brojnost faune prizemnih člankonožaca. There are several soil maintenance systems in the olive grove, such as permanent or occasional mechanical processing, as well as grassing of a part or whole surface of the plantation. Grassing in the olive grove is one of the measures for preserving the water and increasing the content of organic matter in the soil. In addition, this procedure reduces soil compaction and prevents significant soil temperature changes. The grass cover is beneficial for the conservation of biological diversity and the number of soil-dwelling arthropods. The research was conducted in an olive grove in Podstrana, Split-Dalmatia County. The represented varieties of olives are Oblica and Levantinka. The olive grove was divided into three parts, each with different mowing height (mowed to the ground level, mowed at the height of 10 and 15 cm). Sampling was carried from the beginning of May to the beginning of September 2019. Sampling of the fauna was carried out using pitfall traps. The samples were taken every 15 days. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the grass-cutting height on the assemblage and abundance of soil-dwelling arthropods, with the purpose of preserving their population in the grass-covered olive grove. In total, 1 490 specimens from 5 classes, 10 orders and 12 families were collected. The most numerous orders were Isopoda, with 1,006 specimens (67.5%), followed by Araneae, with 137 specimens (9.19%), Hymenoptera, with 110 specimens (7.38%), and Blattodea, with 102 specimens (6.84%). The smallest number of specimens was found on the part of the olive grove mowed to the ground level while the largest number was found on the part mowed at the height of 15 cm The analysis results revealed that the vegetation in the olive grove has a positive effect on the number and diversity of the fauna of soil-dwelling arthropods. |
